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CD8+ T-cell exhaustion induced by leukemic cells drives progression in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

ABSTRACT: Mechanisms mediating to disease progression from diagnosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are not fully elucidated. The acquisition of molecular changes at the time of progression has been observed in a small fraction of patients, suggesting that CLL progression is not mainly driven by dynamic clonal evolution. In order to shed light on mechanisms that lead to CLL progression, we investigated longitudinal changes in both the genetic and immunological landscapes. For that, we analyzed paired samples obtained from CLL patients at diagnosis and progression before front-line treatment or at diagnosis and long-term asymptomatic follow-up. By whole-exome sequencing, we found that CLL cells displayed limited genetic evolution at progression. Conversely, T cells from progressing patients showed significant immunophenotypical and transcriptional changes over time not observed in patients that did not progress. Specifically, we found that CD8+ T cells at progression were characterized by an increasing terminally exhausted effector phenotype (T-betdim/-EomeshiPD1hi) with high co-expression of inhibitory receptors (PD1, CD244 and CD160). This exhausted status in CD8+ T cells was induced by progressing leukemic cells mainly through a mechanism dependent on soluble factors, including IL-10. Thus, we demonstrate that immunological changes are of paramount importance for CLL clinical progression, thereby providing a rationale for the use of early immunotherapeutic intervention in this disease.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE141787 | GEO | 2021/01/09

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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CD8+ T-cell exhaustion induced by leukemic cells drives progression in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Project description:In order to shed light on mechanisms that lead to CLL progression, we investigated longitudinal changes in both the genetic and immunological landscapes. For that, we analyzed paired samples obtained from CLL patients at diagnosis and progression before front-line treatment or at diagnosis and long-term asymptomatic follow-up. By whole-exome sequencing (WES), we found that CLL cells displayed limited genetic evolution at progression. Conversely, T cells from progressing patients showed significant immunophenotypical and transcriptional changes over time not observed in patients that did not progress. Specifically, we found that CD8+ T cells at progression were characterized by an increasing terminally exhausted effector phenotype (T-betdim/- Eomeshi PD1hi) with high co-expression of inhibitory receptors (PD1, CD244 and CD160). This exhausted status in CD8+ T cells was induced by progressing leukemic cells mainly through a mechanism dependent on soluble factors, including IL-10. Thus, we demonstrate that immunological changes are of paramount importance for CLL clinical progression, thereby providing a rationale for the use of early immunotherapeutic intervention in this disease.

| EGAS00001004116 | EGA

Expression data from untreated CLL patients

Project description:The clinical course of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is heterogeneous. Several prognostic factors have been identified that can stratify patients into groups that differ in their relative tendency for disease progression and/or survival. Here, we pursued a subnetwork-based analysis of gene expression profiles to discriminate between groups of patients with disparate risks for CLL progression. From an initial cohort of 130 patients, we identified 38 prognostic subnetworks that could predict the relative risk for disease progression requiring therapy from the time of sample collection, more accurately than established markers. The prognostic power of these subnetworks then was validated on two other cohorts of patients. We noted reduced divergence in gene expression between leukemia cells of CLL patients classified at diagnosis with aggressive versus indolent disease over time. The predictive subnetworks vary in levels of expression over time but exhibit increased similarity at later timepoints prior to therapy, suggesting that degenerate pathways apparently converge into common pathways that are associated with disease progression. As such, these results have implications for understanding cancer evolution and for the development of novel treatment strategies for patients with CLL. Leukemia cells were isolated from blood samples of CLL patients enrolled in the MILE study who had not received prior therapy for CLL, as per the MILE protocol22. Expression data were gathered from samples found to have a CLL cell population with greater than 90% CD5+CD19+, as accessed via flow cytometry. Total RNA was isolated and hybridized to Affymetrix HG-U133+2 GeneChips. This study is about the time to treatment, ie., prognosis instead of diagnosis.

2012-07-25 | E-GEOD-39671 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A dataset of sequential DNA methylation profiles (2 timepoints) of 10 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Project description:Clonal and subclonal evolution is involved in the progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Evolution can work to select not only genetic mutations, but also epigenetic states. Here we performed a long-term longitudinal DNA methylation profiling study of CLL patients to look for associations of epigenetic evolution to different disease courses. In line with the genetic data, large-scale methylation evolution was not present in any of the evaluated long-term untreated (n = 3) and relapsed (n = 2) patients displaying clonal changes of linear type while 3 of the 5 examined refractory patients featured profound changes in DNA methylation.

2021-03-15 | GSE143411 | GEO

Expression data from untreated CLL patients

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Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells LC-MS/MS

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HIGH-RISK SUBTYPES OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA ARE DETECTABLE AS EARLY AS 16 YEARS BEFORE DIAGNOSIS

Project description:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is preceded by monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), a CLL precursor state with a prevalence of up to 12% in aged individuals. However, the duration of MBL and the mechanisms of its evolution to CLL remain largely unknown. In this study, we sequenced the B-cell receptor immunoglobulin heavy chain (BcR IGH) gene repertoire of 124 CLL patients and 118 matched controls in blood samples taken up to 22 years prior to diagnosis. Significant skewing in the BcR IGH gene repertoire was detected in the majority of patients, even before the occurrence of lymphocytosis and irrespective of the clonotypic IGH variable gene somatic hypermutation status. Furthermore, in 14 CLL patients we identified dominant clonotypes belonging to major stereotyped subsets associated with poor prognosis up to 16 years before diagnosis. In 22 patients with longitudinal samples, the skewing of the BcR IGH gene repertoire increased significantly over time to diagnosis or remained stable at high levels. For 14/16 patients with available samples at diagnosis, the CLL clonotype was already present in the pre-diagnostic samples. Overall, our data indicate that the pre-clinical phase of CLL could be longer than previously thought, even in adverse-prognostic cases.

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Nanda2013 - B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia A model with immune response

Project description:B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia - A model with immune response Seema Nanda 1, , Lisette dePillis 2, and Ami Radunskaya 3, 1. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Centre for Applicable Mathematics, Bangalore 560065, India 2. Department of Mathematics, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA 91711 3. Department of Mathematics, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, 91711, United States Abstract B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is known to have substantial clinical heterogeneity. There is no cure, but treatments allow for disease management. However, the wide range of clinical courses experienced by B-CLL patients makes prognosis and hence treatment a significant challenge. In an attempt to study disease progression across different patients via a unified yet flexible approach, we present a mathematical model of B-CLL with immune response, that can capture both rapid and slow disease progression. This model includes four different cell populations in the peripheral blood of humans: B-CLL cells, NK cells, cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells. We analyze existing data in the medical literature, determine ranges of values for parameters of the model, and compare our model outcomes to clinical patient data. The goal of this work is to provide a tool that may shed light on factors affecting the course of disease progression in patients. This modeling tool can serve as a foundation upon which future treatments can be based. Keywords: NK cell, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mathematical model, T cell., B-CLL.

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Detection of chromothripsis-like patterns from custom array platform for chronic lymphocytic leukemia diagnosis (qchip Hemo custom array v3)

Project description:Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent leukemia in Western countries. The main genetic alterations associated to this disease are loss of 13q14, loss of 11q23, trisomy 12 and, less frequently, 17p13 losses, and are routinely studied using fluorescence in situ hybridization. These genomic aberrations have been demonstrated to be important independent predictors of disease progression in CLL and their detection currently has a direct implication in the treatment strategy of the patients. It has been widely demonstrated that array-based karyotyping clearly detects DNA gains and losses and allows the identification of CLL abnormalities not included in the standard FISH panel. We have here established and tested an oligonucleotide-based array platform for the diagnosis of CLL that interrogates the most relevant chromosomal regions related with the disease and may help in the differential diagnosis between CLL and other small B-cell leukemias and may be used as a powerful prognosis tool to stratify the CLL patients. Copy number analysis using Custom Agilent 60K was performed on 47 chronic lymphocytic Leukemia patients with sex-matched control DNAs

2015-08-31 | E-GEOD-66922 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Detection of chromothripsis-like patterns from custom array platform for chronic lymphocytic leukemia diagnosis (qchip Hemo custom array v3)

2015-08-31 | GSE66922 | GEO

Detection of chromothripsis-like patterns from custom array platform for chronic lymphocytic leukemia diagnosis (qchip Hemo custom array v1)

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