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Integrated genome and transcriptome sequencing identifies a novel case of hybrid and aggressive prostate cancer

ABSTRACT: Next generation sequencing is making sequence-based molecular pathology and personalised oncology viable. We selected an individual initially diagnosed with conventional, but aggressive, prostate adenocarcinoma and sequenced the genome and transcriptome from primary and metastatic tissues collected prior to hormone therapy. The histology-pathology and genomic architecture were remarkably homogeneous, yet it was possible to determine the quadrant of the prostate tumour that likely seeded the metastatic diaspora. Despite a homogenous cell type, our transcriptome analysis revealed signatures of both luminal and neuroendocrine cell types. Remarkably, the repertoire of expressed but private gene fusions, including C15orf21:MYC, recapitulated this biology while the amplification and over expression of the stem cell gene MSI2 may have contributed to the stable hybrid cellular identity. This hybrid luminal-neuroendocrine tumour appears to represent a novel and highly aggressive case of prostate cancer with unique biological features and conceivably a propensity for rapid progression to castrate-resistance. Overall, this work highlights the importance of integrated analyses of genome, exome and transcriptome sequences for basic tumour biology, sequence-based molecular pathology, and personalized oncology.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE34649 | GEO | 2011/12/22

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA151247

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Integrated genome and transcriptome sequencing identifies a novel case of hybrid and aggressive prostate cancer

Project description:Next generation sequencing is making sequence-based molecular pathology and personalised oncology viable. We selected an individual initially diagnosed with conventional, but aggressive, prostate adenocarcinoma and sequenced the genome and transcriptome from primary and metastatic tissues collected prior to hormone therapy. The histology-pathology and genomic architecture were remarkably homogeneous, yet it was possible to determine the quadrant of the prostate tumour that likely seeded the metastatic diaspora. Despite a homogenous cell type, our transcriptome analysis revealed signatures of both luminal and neuroendocrine cell types. Remarkably, the repertoire of expressed but private gene fusions, including C15orf21:MYC, recapitulated this biology while the amplification and over expression of the stem cell gene MSI2 may have contributed to the stable hybrid cellular identity. This hybrid luminal-neuroendocrine tumour appears to represent a novel and highly aggressive case of prostate cancer with unique biological features and conceivably a propensity for rapid progression to castrate-resistance. Overall, this work highlights the importance of integrated analyses of genome, exome and transcriptome sequences for basic tumour biology, sequence-based molecular pathology, and personalized oncology. 5 samples

2011-12-22 | E-GEOD-34649 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A Basal Stem Cell Signature Identifies Aggressive Prostate Cancer Phenotypes

Project description:Aggressive cancers and normal stem cells often share similar molecular and functional traits. It is unclear if aggressive phenotypes of prostate cancer molecularly resemble normal stem cells residing within the human prostate. We performed high-throughput RNA sequencing on uncultured, highly purified epithelial populations from human prostates obtained after radical prostatectomy. We found the basal population to be defined by genes associated with developmental programs, epigenetic remodeling, and invasiveness. We further generated a 91-gene basal signature and applied it to gene expression datasets from patients with organ-confined or castration-resistant, metastatic prostate cancer. Metastatic prostate cancer was more enriched for the basal stem cell signature than organ-confined prostate cancer. Moreover, histological subtypes within prostate cancer metastases varied in their enrichment of the stem cell signature with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma being the most stem cell-like. Bioinformatic analysis of the basal cell and two human small cell gene signatures identified a set of E2F target genes common to all three signatures. These results suggest that the most aggressive variants of prostate cancer share a core transcriptional program with normal prostate basal stem cells. Transcriptional analysis of 10 uncultured prostatic basal and luminal populations from either the benign or malignant prostate tissue of 8 human prostate cancer patients by high-throughput RNA-seq

2016-06-01 | E-GEOD-82071 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RET Kinase Inhibition in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer, part 1

Project description:Increased treatment of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with second-generation anti-androgen therapies (ADT) has coincided with a greater incidence of lethal, aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC) tumors that have lost androgen receptor (AR) signaling. AVPC tumors may also express neuroendocrine markers, termed neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). Recent evidence suggests kinase signaling may be an important driver of NEPC. To identify targetable kinases in NEPC, we performed global phosphoproteomics comparing AR-negative to AR-positive prostate cancer cell lines and identified multiple altered signaling pathways, including enrichment of RET kinase activity in the AR-negative cell lines. Clinical NEPC and NEPC patient derived xenografts displayed upregulated RET transcript and RET pathway activity. Pharmacologically inhibiting RET kinase in NEPC models dramatically reduced tumor growth and cell viability in mouse and human NEPC models. Our results suggest that targeting RET in NEPC tumors with high RET expression may be a novel treatment option.

2020-05-29 | PXD012970 | Pride

RET Kinase Inhibition in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer, part 2

2020-05-29 | PXD012971 | Pride

Unraveling the Global Proteome and Phosphoproteome of Prostate Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts

Project description:Resistance to androgen deprivation therapies leads to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) of adenocarcinoma (AdCa) origin that can transform to emergent aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC) which has neuroendocrine (NE)-like features. To this end, we used LuCaP patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors, clinically relevant models that reflects and retains key features of the tumor from advanced prostate cancer patients. Here we performed proteome and phosphoproteome characterization of 48 LuCaP PDX tumors and identified over 94,000 peptides and 9,700 phosphopeptides corresponding to 7,738 proteins. When we compared 15 NE versus 33 AdCa PDX samples, we identified 309 unique proteins and 476 unique phosphopeptides that were significantly altered and corresponded to proteins that are known to distinguish these two phenotypes. Assessment of protein and RNA concordance from these tumors revealed increased dissonance in transcriptionally regulated proteins in NE and metabolite interconversion enzymes in AdCa. Keywords: Proteomics, phosphoproteomics, Neuroendocrine, Adenocarcinoma, biomarkers, surfaceome, secretome, blood proteins, prostate cancer, patient-derived xenograft

2023-06-09 | MSV000092139 | MassIVE

Therapeutic Implications for Intrinsic Phenotype Classification of Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer

Project description:Metastatic prostate cancers are recognized to exhibit subtypes categorized by underlying genomic alterations and phenotypes largely partitioned by androgen receptor signaling and neuroendocrine activity. In the present study we evaluated a phenotypic classification approach originally developed for subtyping breast carcinomas using the PAM50 gene signature. PAM50 subtypes associated with specific genotypes such as RB1 loss and phenotypes such as small cell/neuroendocrine carcinoma as well as tumor histology including cribriform morphology. In the context of clinical translation, PAM50 classification segregated tumors into groups with distinct druggable targets such as cell surface proteins amenable to antibody-drug-conjugates (ADCs). Classification into Luminal A, Luminal B and Basal tumors associated with time on androgen receptor signaling inhibitors, and responses to taxane chemotherapy. These findings support further clinical investigation of PAM50-based classification for prostate cancer patient stratification in therapeutic studies.

2022-05-03 | GSE199596 | GEO

A Basal Stem Cell Signature Identifies Aggressive Prostate Cancer Phenotypes

2016-06-01 | GSE82071 | GEO

Siah2-dependent concerted activity of HIF and FoxA2 regulates formation of neuroendocrine prostate tumors

Project description:Neuroendocrine (NE) carcinoma and NE differentiation (NED) of human prostate tumor are hallmarks of aggressive human prostate cancer. Here we reveal that HIF-1a cooperation with FoxA2, a transcription factor expressed in NE tissue, is required for determining NE phenotype. Reduced HIF-1a expression, as seen in the E3 ubiquitin ligase Siah2 mutant mice, converted NE tumors to atypical hyperplasia when crossed with the TRAMPTg mice. Significantly, HIF-1a cooperation with FoxA2 enables the trans-activation of select HRE-regulated genes such as Hes6, Plod2 and Jmjd1a, whose expression is notably higher in metastatic prostate adenocarcinomas. Our findings disclose the requirement for spatial and timely regulation of FoxA2 and HIF-1a for NE/NED in prostate tumors. 12 prostate tumor samples were analyzed during normoxia and hypoxia, with different FOX/HIF genotypes. The pivotal samples are represented as duplicates.

2010-07-13 | E-GEOD-18478 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Phase II Trial of the Aurora Kinase A Inhibitor Alisertib for Castration Resistant and Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer

Project description:<p>Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive variant of prostate cancer that may develop de novo or as a mechanism of treatment resistance. N-myc is capable of driving NEPC progression. Alisertib inhibits the interaction between N-myc and its stabilizing factor Aurora-A, inhibiting N-myc signaling, and suppressing tumor growth. In this single arm, multi-institutional open label phase 2 clinical trial of alisertib, sixty men were treated with alisertib 50mg twice daily for 7 days every 21-days. Eligibility included metastatic prostate cancer and at least one: small cell neuroendocrine morphology; ≥50% neuroendocrine marker expression; new liver metastases without PSA progression; elevated serum neuroendocrine markers. The primary endpoint was six-month radiographic progression free survival. Pre-treatment biopsies were evaluated by whole exome and RNA-seq.</p>

| phs001666 | dbGaP

Genome-wide analysis of ex vivo gene expression of 67NR and 4T1 series mouse mammary tumors

Project description:Analysis of factors upregulated in highly aggressive 4T1 tumour cells compared to the less aggressive 4T07 tumour cells and the non-metastatic 67NR tumour cells at gene expression level. The question addressed in the present study was which metabolic pathways are differentially activated by these cells and therefore could account for the observed difference metastatic potential of these tumours. Results provide important characterisation of the ex vivo expression profiles of highly aggressive vs. non-aggressive tumour cells. 4T07 and 4T1 tumour cell data was previously published in GSE50471.

2024-05-13 | GSE236033 | GEO

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