VRS2 regulates hormone-mediated inflorescence patterning in barley
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Hordeum vulgare
PROVIDER: GSE87731 | GEO | 2016/10/07
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA345637
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The photosynthetic organs of the barley spike (lemma, palea and awn) are resistant to drought. This is a beneficial trait because they can sustain grain-filling when drought occurs at the reproductive stage. There is little information about gene expression in the spike organs under drought conditions. In this study, we compared gene expression in drought-stressed lemma, palea, awn and seed at the grain-filling stage using the Barley1 Genome Array in order to identify drought-regulated organ-specific genes.
2009-09-30 | GSE17669 | GEO
Project description:The photosynthetic organs of the barley spike (lemma, palea and awn) are resistant to drought. This is a beneficial trait because they can sustain grain-filling when drought occurs at the reproductive stage. There is little information about gene expression in the spike organs under drought conditions. In this study, we compared gene expression in drought-stressed lemma, palea, awn and seed at the grain-filling stage using the Barley1 Genome Array in order to identify drought-regulated organ-specific genes. Experiment Overall Design: Barley plants were drough-stressed for 4 days at the grain-filling stage by withholding water. Lemma, palea, awn and seed were collected to determine gene expression during drought in each organ. For each organ three biological replications were collected on three different dates. On each of the three dates, one replication of each organ was collected from plants grown in separate pots using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). In ths design, organ type and drought treatment were treatment effects and date of sample collection (replication) was the block. To get enough tissue for RNA extraction, each replication for each organ was collected from four plants in the same pot. RNA from each replicate sample was hybridized to individual Barley1 GeneChips. Thus, for four organs with three replications (blocks) and two treatment levels, a total of 24 Barley1 GeneChips were used.
2009-10-10 | E-GEOD-17669 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The lemma, the palea and the awn of a barley spike are photosynthetic organs and supply the developing seed with carbohydrates. In addition, the lemma and the palea cover the seed and protect it from pathogens and insects. In this study, we compared gene expression among the lemma, the palea, the awn and the developing seed of barley at the grain-filling stage (Zadok scale 83) using the Barley1 Genome Array in order to identify genes that determine the primary function of these organs. Experiment Overall Design: Lemma, palea, awn and seed were collected at grain-filling stage (Zadok scale 83) to compare differences in gene expression. For each organ three biological replications were collected on three different dates. On each of the three dates, one replication of each organ was collected from plants grown in separate pots using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). In ths design, organ type was the treatment effect and date of sample collection (replication) was the block. To get enough tissue for RNA extraction, each replication for each organ was collected from four plants in the same pot. RNA from each replicate sample was hybridized to individual Barley1 GeneChips. Thus, for four organs with three replications (blocks), a total of 12 Barley1 GeneChips were used.
2009-09-25 | E-GEOD-16754 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The timing of reproductive development determines spike architecture and thus yield in temperate grasses such as barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Reproductive development in barley is controlled by the photoperiod response gene Ppd-H1 which accelerates flowering time under long-day (LD) conditions. A natural mutation in Ppd-H1 prevalent in spring barley causes a reduced photoperiod response, and thus, late flowering under LD. However, it is not very well understood how LD and Ppd-H1 control pre-anthesis development, and thus spike architecture and yield in barley. We performed a detailed morphological analysis of the pre-anthesis development in the spring barley cultivar Scarlett and its wild barley derived introgression line S42-IL107, carrying the photoperiod responsive Ppd-H1 allele. Characterization of shoot apex development in these genotypes indicated that floral transition and initiation of floral primordia occurred under LD (16h light/ 8h dark) and short day (SD, 8h light/ 16h dark) conditions, while inflorescence and seed development strictly required LDs. Additionally, a fast photoperiod response in the presence of the dominant Ppd-H1 allele promoted floret fertility under LDs. To characterize the effects of the photoperiod and allelic variation at Ppd-H1 on gene expression during pre-anthesis development we performed RNA sequencing of leaves and developing main shoot apices during the vegetative phase and early stages of inflorescence development in Scarlett and S42-IL107 grown under SD and LD conditions. Main shoot apices of both genotypes were sampled at defined developmental stages, i.e. Waddington stage W0.5, W1.0, W2.0 and W3.5, respectively. Leaf samples were harvested from plants before (W1.0) and after floral transition (W2.0). We identified genes that were specifically regulated at floral transition independent of day-length and Ppd-H1 and thus may serve as markers for the staging of floral transition. Furthermore, we identified transcripts differentially expressed between photoperiods and between genotypes in leaves and in shoot apices. This set of transcripts might act as candidates downstream of Ppd-H1 and are correlated with the promotion of shoot apex development and higher floret fertility under LD and in the presence of the photoperiod responsive Ppd-H1 allele.
2015-03-10 | E-MTAB-4114 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Floral organ shape and size in cereal crops can affect grain size and yield, so genes that regulate their development are promising breeding targets. The lemma, which protects inner floral organs, can physically constrain grain growth; while the awn, a needle-like extension of the lemma, creates photosynthates to promote grain fill. Although several genes and modules controlling grain size and awn/lemma growth in rice have been characterized, these processes, and the relationships between them, are not well understood for barley and wheat. Here, we demonstrate that the barley E-class gene HvMADS1 positively regulates awn length and lemma width, leading to increased grain size and weight. Cytological data indicated that MADS1 promotes grain growth by promoting cell proliferation, while multi-omics data revealed MADS1 target genes associated with cell cycle, phytohormone signaling, and developmental processes. We defined two direct targets of MADS1 regulation, HvSHI and HvDL, whose knockout mutants mimic awn and/or lemma phenotypes of mads1 mutants; and demonstrated that MADS1 interacts APETALA2 (A-class) to synergistically activate downstream genes in awn/lemma development. Notably, we found that MADS1 function remains conserved in wheat, promoting cell proliferation to increase awn length. These findings extend our understanding of MADS1 function in floral organ development to inform strategies for Triticeae crop improvement. Three replicates of barley tissues were collected for RNA extraction: lemma and awn from the central part of lemma and awn from WT and mads1 mutants for RNA-seq and RT-qPCR
2023-09-01 | GSE228410 | GEO
Project description:The lemma, the palea and the awn of a barley spike are photosynthetic organs and supply the developing seed with carbohydrates. In addition, the lemma and the palea cover the seed and protect it from pathogens and insects. In this study, we compared gene expression among the lemma, the palea, the awn and the developing seed of barley at the grain-filling stage (Zadok scale 83) using the Barley1 Genome Array in order to identify genes that determine the primary function of these organs.
2009-09-16 | GSE16754 | GEO
Project description:Jatropha curcas L. is a potential biofuel plant. Application of exogenous cytokinin (6-benzyladenine, BA) on its inflorescence buds can significantly increase the number of female flowers, thereby improving seed yield. To investigate which genes and signal pathways are involved in the response to cytokinin in J. curcas inflorescence buds, we monitored transcriptional activity in inflorescences at 0, 3, 12, 24, and 48 h after BA treatment using a microarray. We detected 5,555 differentially expressed transcripts over the course of the experiment, which could be grouped into 12 distinct temporal expression patterns. We also identified 31 and 131 transcripts in J. curcas whose homologs in model plants function in flowering and phytohormonal signaling pathways, respectively. According to the transcriptional analysis of genes involved in flower development, we hypothesized that BA treatment delays floral organ formation by inhibiting the transcription of the A, B and E classes of floral organ-identity genes, which would allow more time to generate more floral primordia in inflorescence meristems, thereby enhancing inflorescence branching and significantly increasing flower number per inflorescence. BA treatment might also play an important role in maintaining the flowering signals by activating the transcription of GIGANTEA (GI) and inactivating the transcription of CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) and TERMINAL FLOWER 1b (TFL1b). In addition, exogenous cytokinin treatment could regulate the expression of genes involved in the metabolism and signaling of other phytohormones, indicating that cytokinin and other phytohormones jointly regulate flower development in J. curcas inflorescence buds. Our study provides a framework to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying changes in flowering traits in response to cytokinin treatment in J. curcas inflorescence buds. The results provide valuable information related to the mechanisms of cross-talk among multiple phytohormone signaling pathways in woody plants.
2014-12-14 | GSE54366 | GEO
Project description:RNA-seq was performed to profile the transcriptomes of inflorescence primordia hand-dissected from the bristleless1-1 (bsl1-1)mutant in Setaria viridis compared to wild-type controls sampled under the same conditions. Bsl1 encodes a rate limiting enzyme in BR biosynthesis, which is the ortholog of D11 from rice. Mutants are characterized by a homeotic conversion of sterile bristles to spikelets in the inflorescence.
2017-12-23 | GSE100423 | GEO
Project description:The WOX1 transcription factor is a multifunctional regulator of lateral-organ development that acts as a transcriptional repressor. WOX1 promotes lamina growth, controls marginal tissue differentiation and is involved in establishment and maintenance of the adaxial-abaxial pattern from the middle domain of leaf primordia. To identify the WOX1 downstream genes, we performed a microarray analysis of shoot apices of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana lines harboring 35S::WOX1:glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in which the WOX1 function was temporarily enhanced by dexamethasone (DEX).
2018-05-11 | GSE79647 | GEO
Project description:Jatropha curcas L. is a potential biofuel plant. Application of exogenous cytokinin (6-benzyladenine, BA) on its inflorescence buds can significantly increase the number of female flowers, thereby improving seed yield. To investigate which genes and signal pathways are involved in the response to cytokinin in J. curcas inflorescence buds, we monitored transcriptional activity in inflorescences at 0, 3, 12, 24, and 48 h after BA treatment using a microarray. We detected 5,555 differentially expressed transcripts over the course of the experiment, which could be grouped into 12 distinct temporal expression patterns. We also identified 31 and 131 transcripts in J. curcas whose homologs in model plants function in flowering and phytohormonal signaling pathways, respectively. According to the transcriptional analysis of genes involved in flower development, we hypothesized that BA treatment delays floral organ formation by inhibiting the transcription of the A, B and E classes of floral organ-identity genes, which would allow more time to generate more floral primordia in inflorescence meristems, thereby enhancing inflorescence branching and significantly increasing flower number per inflorescence. BA treatment might also play an important role in maintaining the flowering signals by activating the transcription of GIGANTEA (GI) and inactivating the transcription of CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) and TERMINAL FLOWER 1b (TFL1b). In addition, exogenous cytokinin treatment could regulate the expression of genes involved in the metabolism and signaling of other phytohormones, indicating that cytokinin and other phytohormones jointly regulate flower development in J. curcas inflorescence buds. Our study provides a framework to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying changes in flowering traits in response to cytokinin treatment in J. curcas inflorescence buds. The results provide valuable information related to the mechanisms of cross-talk among multiple phytohormone signaling pathways in woody plants. Gene expression of flower buds in response to BA was measured at 0h, 3h, 12h, 24h and 48h after 1mM 6-benzylaminopurine treatment. Three biological replicates were prepared for each time point.
2014-12-14 | E-GEOD-54366 | biostudies-arrayexpress