bioimagesUnknownJacob RulloThe Journal of Cell Biologyhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-JCBD-201107140JCB

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is a representative 3-dimensional image created from z-stacks of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to fluid flow for 120-240 sed. Upstream anchors are present with corresponding F-actin accumulation.

Shown is a representative time series illustrating the displacement of a U937 cell pretreated with wortmannin for 30 minutes followed by exposure to fluid flow.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative cytochalasin D-pretreated human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body, as well as thin, long structures without associated cell bodies.

Shown is a representative time series illustrating the displacement of a U937 cells pretreated with wortmannin for 30 minutes followed by exposure to fluid flow.

Shown is a representative 3-dimensional image created from z-stacks of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to 2 dynes/cm2 of fluid flow for 2 minutes. Accumulation of F-actin within upstream anchors is visualized.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP and exposed to fluid flow. Accumulation of PAK-PBD-YFP is seen in the upstream region associated with anchor formation. This image also supports the quantification shown in Figure 6B.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. This micrograph demonstrates how the side view of a spherical leukocyte allows the region of structural anchors to be observed. These micrographs confirm the fluorescence observations with Lifeact-GFP.

This is a supplemental time-lapse video not present in the accompanying paper. U937 cells were transfected with Lifeact-GFP followed by pretreatment with latrunculin B. This leukocyte was exposed to fluid flow at frame T=55. Frame rate = 512ms/F. Extrusion of F-actin occurs upstream as the cell is exposed to fluid flow.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with dominant-negative Rac-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow for 2 minutes prior to imaging. This image demonstrates the deformation of cells in response to fluid flow.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with PLC-PH-GFP and exposed to fluid flow. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 9E.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative latrunculin B-pretreated human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body, as well as thin long structures without associated cell bodies.

Shown is a representative time-lapse video illustrating the effects of perfusing latrunculin B on top of Lifeact-GFP transfected adherent U937 cells. Cells were exposed to fluid flow containing buffer for 2 minutes followed by latrunculin B. Frame rate = 906ms/F.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to fluid flow for 2 minutes. The accumulation of F-actin at the anchor insertion within the cortical actin cytoskeleton was quantified, as shown in Figure 3g. Multiple anchors can be seen with different attachment heights.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to 4 dynes/cm2 of fluid flow. F-actin accumulation within anchors and at their insertion sites is visible within the upstream region. F-actin accumulation is visibly enhanced compared to cells exposed to 2 dynes/cm2 and corroborates the adhesion data presented in Figure 4a.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 6B.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with dominant-negative Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. Failure to accumulate F-actin results in cellular elongation and deformation. The cell resembles one subjected to cytochalasin D or latruncultin B pretreatment. Rap1-GFP signal is relatively low in these cells. This image also provides support for the quantification in Figure 5D.

Shown is a representative time-lapse video. U937 cells were transfected with Lifeact-GFP followed by pretreatment with latrunculin B. This leukocyte was exposed to fluid flow at frame T=35. Frame rate = 300ms/F. Extrusion of F-actin occurs upstream as cell is exposed to fluid flow.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative latrunculin B-pretreated human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body, as well as thin, long structures without associated cell bodies.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with PLC-PH-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 9E.

Shown is a representative time series taken of a U937 cell transfected with Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. 2 dynes/cm2 has been applied for 30 sec followed by image acquisition. The cell stably adheres. Anchors remain attached at their initial contact site. Approximately 2 micrometers displacement measuring from the upstream cell membrane is visible.<br />Frame rate = 1 sec 485 msec/F.<br />T=33 shift in x-axis.

This is a supplemental image not present in the current paper. Shown is a representative U937 cell transfected with dominant-negative Rac-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. This image demonstrates the deformation of cells in response to fluid forces.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative human monocyte infused onto VCAM-1, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. This micrograph demonstrates how as we image a spherical monocyte from the back the region of upstream structural anchors can be observed. These micrographs confirm the presence of structural anchors in monocytes resisting fluid flow.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with AKT-PH-GFP. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 9E.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with AKT-PH-GFP and exposed to fluid flow. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 9E.

Shown is a representative time series taken of a U937 cell transfected with dominant negative Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. 2 dynes/cm2 of shear stress was applied for 30 sec followed by image acquisition. This cell does not form a stable adhesion and slowly displaces from the initial contact site. F-actin fails to accumulate. The cell displaces 5 micrometers in 56 sec.<br />Frame rate = 1 sec 485 msec/F.

Shown is a representative time series of a U937 cell adhered to VCAM-1 and then exposed to fluid flow for 2 minutes. Wortmannin was perfused 30 seconds prior to the initiation of image acquisition. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 5B.

Shown is a representative time series taken of a U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP and exposed to fluid flow. Shear stress was applied at T=107. The cell responds normally to fluid flow and is not substantially displaced. Frame rate = 844 msec/F.

Shown is a representative time series taken of a U937 cell transfected with dominant-negative Rac-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. Fluid flow was applied at T=46. Frame rate = 1 sec 454 msec/F. This leukocyte fails to accumulate Rac and F-actin. The cell displaces from the initial adhesion site in response to fluid flow.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representativee human monocyte infused onto VCAM-1, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. This micrograph demonstrates how only when we image the back of a spherical leukocyte can the region of upstream structural anchors be observed. These micrographs confirm the presence of structural anchors in monocytes resisting fluid flow.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative latrunculin B-pretreated U937 cell exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body, as well as thin long structures without associated cell bodies.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is a representative 3-dimensional image created from z-stacks of a static U937 cell trasfected with Lifeact-GFP.

Shown is a representative time series taken of a U937 cell transfected with dominant negative Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. 2 dynes/cm2 of shear stress was applied for 30 sec followed by image acquisition. The cell does not form a stable adhesion and slowly displaces from the initial contact site. Notice in the DIC channel that the contrast highlights the upstream anchors and how they are destabilized as the cell is exposed to fluid flow. Failure to stabilize anchors results in leukocyte displacement. This cell displaces greater than 20 micrometers in 60 sec, at which point it completely detaches.<br />Frame rate = 1 sec 485 msec/F.

Shown is a representative time series illustrating the displacement of an adherent U937 cell during perfusion of wortmannin.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with Rap1-GFP and Lifeact-RFP and exposed to fluid flow. Exposure to fluid flow results in accumulation of Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) at the level of anchor insertion. This image also supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 5B.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with constitutively active Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. Accumulation of constitutively active Rap1-GFP at sites of anchor formation supports the presence of GTP bound Rap1.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with AKT-PH-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red).

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative latrunculin B-pretreated U937 cell exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body, as well as thin, long structures without associated cell bodies.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken from a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to fluid flow for 2 minutes. The formation of anchors and accumulation of F-actin within anchors and at their insertion point within the cortical actin cytoskeleton is illustrated. Multiple anchors can be seen with different attachment heights. This image is also used in support of Figure 3G where F-actin accumulation is quantified.

Shown is a representative 3-dimensional image created from z-stacks of a static U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP and pretreated with wortmannin. This image is also used in support of the fluorescence quantification in Figure 8B.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative U937 cell exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. This micrograph demonstrates how the side view of a spherical leukocyte allows the region of structural anchors to be observed. These micrographs confirm the fluorescence observations with Lifeact-GFP.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with PLC-PH-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow.

Shown is a representative 3-dimensional image created from z-stacks of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to fluid flow for 300 sec. Upstream anchors are present with corresponding F-actin accumulation.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative human monocyte pretreated with wortmannin for 30 minutes and exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP were pretreated with wortmannin followed by exposure to fliud flow. This image is also used in support of the fluorescence quantification in Figure 8B.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with AKT-PH-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 9E.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative human monocyte infused onto VCAM-1, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy imaging. This micrograph demonstrates the formation of anchors in human monocytes under constant hydrodynamic force.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative human monocyte infused onto VCAM-1, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy imaging. This micrograph demonstrates the formation of anchors in human monocytes under constant hydrodynamic force and the variety of anchor structures: individual projections or veil-like structures.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with PLC-PH-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red).

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with dominant-negative Rac-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. Fluid flow was applied for 2 minutes followed by imaging. This cell displaces from the initial adhesion site in response to fluid shear stress and deforms in the direction of fluid flow. This cell resembles those pretreated with inhibitors of actin polymerization.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red). This image also supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 5B.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative U937 cell exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. This micrograph demonstrates how a bird's eye (top-down) view of a spherical leukocyte makes it difficult to view the contact surface and therefore the region of structural anchors. Side-view imaging in subsequent panels in Figure 3b support this idea.

Shown is a representative 3-dimensional image created from z-stacks of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to fluid flow for 15 sec. Upstream anchors are beginning to form.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative human monocyte infused on VCAM-1, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. This micrograph demonstrates only when we image the back of a spherical leukocyte can we visualize the region of upstream structural anchors. These micrographs confirm the presence of structural anchors in monocytes resisting fluid flow.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative cytochalasin D-pretreated human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP. This cell also supports the quantification shown in Figure 6B.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is a time-lapse of a representative U937 cell transfected with AKT-PH-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow.

Shown is a representative time series taken of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to fluid flow. This video begins with U937 cells exposed to flow for 2 minutes. Subsequently, wortmannin was perfused (at T=81), and the effect on anchor formation and F-actin accumulation was observed. GFP (F-actin) signal at the anchor insertion site begins to decrease concurrently with the cell slowly displacing from the initial adhesion site.<br />Frame rate = 1 sec 79 msec/F.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative vehicle-treated human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. No obvious morphological changes are observed in surface architecture as compared to cells pretreated with cytochalasin D or latrunculin B.

Shown is a representative time-lapse video. U937 cells were transfected with Lifeact-GFP followed by pretreatment with cytochalasin D. This leukocyte was exposed to fluid flow at frame T=77. Extrusion of F-actin occurs upstream as the cell is exposed to fluid flow.

Shown is a representative 3-dimensional image created from z-stacks of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to fluid flow, and then fluid flow was stopped for 5 minutes. The reversible nature of upstream anchors along with a decrease in F-actin accumulation is visible.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with AKT-PH-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. This micrograph demonstrates how a bird's eye (top-down) view of a spherical leukocyte makes it difficult to view the contact surface and therefore the region of structural anchors. Side-view imaging in subsequent panels in Figure 3b supports this notion.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative U937 cell exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. This micrograph demonstrates how the side view of a spherical leukocyte allows the region of structural anchors to be observed. These micrographs confirm the fluorescence observations with Lifeact-GFP. Anchors can exist as single extensions or more veil-like structures.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with dominant-negative Rac-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow.

This is a supplemental image also present in the supplemental videos of the accompanying paper. Shown is a representative time-lapse video illustrating the effects of latrunculin B added to the buffer and perfused on top of Lifeact-GFP-transfected adherent U937 cells. Cells were exposed to buffer for 2 minutes followed by buffer containing latrunculin B. Latrunculin B perfusate was introduced at T=20. Frame rate = 875ms/F.

This is a supplemental image not present in the current paper. Shown is a representative U937 cell transfected with dominant-negative cdc42-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. This image demonstrates the lack of effect dominant-negative cdc42-GFP has on the accumulation of Lifeact-RFP.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative human monocyte pretreated with wortmannin for 30 minutes and exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative U937 cell pretreated with wortmannin for 30 minutes and exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body.

This is a supplemental time-lapse video not present in the accompanying paper. U937 cells were transfected with Lifeact-GFP followed by pretreatment with latrunculin B. This leukocyte was exposed to fluid flow at frame T=85. Frame rate = 317ms/F. Extrusion of F-actin occurs upstream as cell is exposed to fluid flow.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative vehicle-treated U937 cell exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative vehicle-treated U937 cell exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. No obvious morphological changes are observed in surface architecture as compared to cells pretreated with cytochalasin D or latrunculin B.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative U937 cell pretreated with wortmannin for 30 minutes and exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with dominant-negative cdc42-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow for 2 minutes. Upstream anchors form and keep the leukocyte adherent. Frame rate = 1 sec 454 msec/F.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red). This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 5B.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP and exposed to fluid flow. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 6B.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative vehicle-treated human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. No obvious morphological changes are observed in surface architecture as compared to cells pretreated with cytochalasin D or latrunculin B.

Shown is a representative time series taken of a U937 cell transfected with dominant negative cdc42-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. Shear stress was applied at T=44. This cell is not substantially displaced in response to fluid flow. Upstream anchors form and keep the leukocyte adherent. Frame rate = 1 sec 454 msec/F.

Shown is a representative time series taken of a U937 cell transfected with Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow. 2 dynes/cm2 of shear stress was applied at T=40. The cell stably adheres. Anchors remain attached at their initial contact site. Approximately 2 micrometer displacement measuring from the upstream cell membrane is visible.<br />Frame rate = 1 sec 485 msec/F.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with dominant-negative Rac-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red).

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of representative human monocytes exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. This micrograph demonstrates how the side view of a spherical leukocyte allows the region of structural anchors to be observed. These micrographs confirm the fluorescence observations with Lifeact-GFP.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is a representative 3-dimensional image created from z-stacks of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to fluid flow for 120-240 sec. Upstream anchors are present with corresponding F-actin accumulation.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack of a U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP and pretreated with wortmannin followed by exposure to fluid flow. PAK-PBD-YFP does not accumulate at sites of anchor formation. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 8B.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with PLC-PH-GFP. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 9E.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with constitutively active Rap1-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP(red) and exposed to fluid flow. Accumulation of constitutively active Rap1-GFP at sites of anchor formation supports the presence of GTP bound Rap1.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to 2 dynes/cm2 of fluid flow. F-actin accumulation within anchors and at their insertion sites is visible at the upstream region.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is a z-stack of a representative U937 cell transfected with AKT-PH-GFP (green) and Lifeact-RFP (red) and exposed to fluid flow.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative cytochalasin D-pretreated U937 cell exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body, as well as thin long structures without associated cell bodies.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack of a U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP were pretreated with wortmannin followed by exposure to fluid flow. PAK-PBD-YFP does not accumulate at sites of anchor formation. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 8B.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a static U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP and pretreated with wortmannin. This image supports the fluorescence quantification in Figure 8B.

Shown is a representative time series taken of a U937 cell transfected with PAK-PBD-YFP and exposed to fluid flow. This cell responds normally to fluid flow and remains stably adherent. Frame rate = 844 msec/F. Fluid flow was applied for 30-60 sec prior to initiation of image acquisition.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack taken of a U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP and exposed to fluid flow for 2 minutes. The accumulation of F-actin at the upstream cortical actin cytoskeleton (site of anchor insertion) is compared to the downstream region as seen in Figure 3h. Multiple anchors can be seen with different attachment heights. This image also supports the quantification of F-actin accumulation shown in Figure 3G.

Shown is a representative confocal z-stack of a static U937 cell transfected with Lifeact-GFP. This image is also used in support of Figure 3G where F-actin accumulation is quantified.

Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative latrunculin B-pretreated human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body.

Shown is a scanning electron microscopy of a representative human monocyte infused onto VCAM-1, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy imaging. This micrograph demonstrates the formation of anchors in human monocytes under constant hydrodynamic force.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative latrunculin B-pretreated human monocyte exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body, as well as thin, long structures without associated cell bodies.

This is a supplemental image not present in the accompanying paper. Shown is scanning electron microscopy of a representative cytochalasin D-pretreated U937 cell exposed to fluid flow, perfusion fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. Elongated structures form upstream of the cell body, as well as thin, long structures without associated cell bodies.

bioimagesImage 131571 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131470 (Figure 5 - A)Image 131714 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131456 (Figure 3 - G)Image 131547 (Figure 7 - E)Image 131428 (Figure 2 - supplemental images)Image 131476 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131431 (Figure 2 - supplemental images)Figure 5 - supplemental imagesImage 131488 (Figure 5 - supplemental images)Image 131482 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131434 (Figure 3 - A)Image 131467 (Figure 4 - B)Image 131461 (Figure 3 - G)Image 131768 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131682 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131501 (Figure 5 - supplemental images)Image 131462 (Figure 3 - G)Image 131555 (Figure 9 - supplemental images)Figure 7 - supplemental imagesImage 131416 (Figure 1 - supplemental images)Figure 3 - DImage 131477 (Figure 5 - B)Figure 3 - EImage 131455 (Figure 3 - G)Figure 3 - GImage 131527 (Figure 6 - D)Image 131433 (Figure 3 - A)Figure 3 - HImage 131559 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131443 (Figure 3 - supplemental images)Figure 3 - AFigure 3 - BImage 131531 (Figure 6 - D)Image 131514 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131769 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131713 (Figure 9 - E)Figure 1 - supplemental imagesImage 131481 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131409 (Figure 1 - supplemental images)Image 131420 (Figure 1 - F)Image 131408 (Figure 1 - E)Image 131524 (Figure 6 - supplemental images)Image 131483 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131520 (Figure 6 - D)Image 131503 (Figure 5 - C, D, E)Image 131688 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131565 (Figure 9 - E)Figure 5Figure 4Figure 7Figure 6Figure 9Figure 8Image 131535 (Figure 7 - C)Image 131551 (Figure 7 - supplemental images)Image 131403 (Figure 3 - B)Image 131539 (Figure 8 - B)Image 131499 (Figure 5 - supplemental images)Figure 1Figure 3 - supplemental imagesFigure 3Figure 2Image 131534 (Figure 7 - C)Image 131530 (Figure 6 - supplemental images)Image 131480 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131538 (Figure 8 - B)Figure 9 - BImage 131454 (Figure 3 - G)Figure 9 - CFigure 9 - DFigure 9 - EFigure 9 - AImage 131558 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131446 (Figure 3 - E)Image 131519 (Figure 6 - C)Image 131712 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131419 (Figure 1 - F)Image 131525 (Figure 6 - supplemental images)Image 131450 (Figure 3 - supplemental images)Image 131404 (Figure 1 - E)Image 131458 (Figure 3 - G)Image 131468 (Figure 4 - C)Image 131445 (Figure 3 - supplemental images)Image 131457 (Figure 3 - G)Image 131418 (Figure 1 - F)Image 131683 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131438 (Figure 3 - B)Image 131415 (Figure 1 - supplemental images)Image 131511 (Figure 6 - A)Image 131573 (Figure 9 - B)Image 131561 (Figure 9 - A)Figure 4 - BImage 131421 (Figure 1 - supplemental images)Figure 5 - C, D, EImage 131507 (Figure 6 - A)Image 131407 (Figure 1 - supplemental images)Image 131570 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131411 (Figure 1 - F)Image 131546 (Figure 7 - E)Image 131562 (Figure 9 - C)Figure 4 - CImage 131566 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131430 (Figure 2 - D)Image 131426 (Figure 2 - C)Image 131496 (Figure 5 - C, D, E)Image 131484 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131515 (Figure 6 - D)Image 131553 (Figure 7 - supplemental images)Image 131465 (Figure 3 - G)Image 131422 (Figure 2 - supplemental images)Image 131549 (Figure 7 - C)Image 131442 (Figure 3 - D)Image 131687 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131685 (Figure 6 - B)Figure 8 - CFigure 8 - AFigure 8 - BImage 131485 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131417 (Figure 1 - F)Image 131550 (Figure 7 - C)Image 131518 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131512 (Figure 6 - A)Image 131765 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131490 (Figure 5 - supplemental images)Image 131487 (Figure 5 - supplemental images)Image 131489 (Figure 5 - supplemental images)Image 131452 (Figure 3 - H)Image 131405 (Figure 1 - E)Image 131473 (Figure 5 - B)Figure 6 - supplemental imagesImage 131717 (Figure 9 - E)Figure 1 - FImage 131569 (Figure 9 - E)Figure 1 - EImage 131448 (Figure 3 - E)Image 131437 (Figure 3 - B)Image 131554 (Figure 7 - supplemental images)Image 131552 (Figure 7 - supplemental images)Image 131568 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131522 (Figure 6 - D)Image 131472 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131447 (Figure 3 - E)Image 131464 (Figure 3 - G)Image 131563 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131684 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131686 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131469 (Figure 4 - C)Image 131541 (Figure 8 - B)Image 131517 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131451 (Figure 3 - supplemental images)Image 131545 (Figure 7 - E)Figure 5 - AImage 131453 (Figure 3 - G)Figure 5 - BImage 131441 (Figure 3 - D)Image 131510 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131537 (Figure 8 - A)Image 131574 (Figure 9 - D)Image 131444 (Figure 3 - supplemental images)Image 131500 (Figure 5 - supplemental images)Image 131556 (Figure 9 - supplemental images)Image 131479 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131508 (Figure 6 - A)Image 131502 (Figure 5 - C, D, E)Figure 7 - CFigure 7 - DFigure 7 - EImage 131528 (Figure 6 - C)Image 131700 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131435 (Figure 3 - B)Image 131440 (Figure 3 - D)Image 131513 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131463 (Figure 3 - G)Image 131495 (Figure 5 - C, D, E)Image 131560 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131516 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131474 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131439 (Figure 3 - B)Image 131767 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131460 (Figure 3 - G)Image 131504 (Figure 5 - A)Image 131529 (Figure 6 - supplemental images)Image 131449 (Figure 3 - supplemental images)Image 131572 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131766 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131475 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131548 (Figure 7 - E)Figure 2 - CFigure 2 - DFigure 2 - BImage 131414 (Figure 1 - supplemental images)Image 131436 (Figure 3 - B)Image 131505 (Figure 6 - B)Image 131544 (Figure 8 - C)Image 131466 (Figure 4 - B)Figure 9 - supplemental imagesImage 131540 (Figure 8 - A)Image 131486 (Figure 5 - B)Image 131536 (Figure 7 - D)Image 131509 (Figure 6 - D)Image 131406 (Figure 1 - supplemental images)Image 131689 (Figure 6 - B)Figure 2 - supplemental imagesImage 131526 (Figure 6 - supplemental images)Image 131703 (Figure 9 - E)Image 131413 (Figure 1 - F)Image 131497 (Figure 5 - supplemental images)Figure 6 - CFigure 6 - DImage 131532 (Figure 6 - D)Image 131424 (Figure 2 - B)Figure 6 - AFigure 6 - BImage 131564 (Figure 9 - E)Christopher A. McCullochJanice C. WongAdrianet Puig CanoGenevieve DigbyJacob RulloPamma D. AroraHenry BeckerSharon J. HydukJohn HartwigMyron I. CybulskyfalseActin polymerization stabilizes α4β1 integrin anchors that mediate monocyte adhesion2012-04-02T11:22:18Z2018-11-29T11:22:18Z2018-11-29T11:22:18ZS-JCBD-20110714010.1083/jcb.201107140