BioModelsapplication/xmlhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742.pdfhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742-biopax2.owlhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742-biopax3.owlhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742_urn.xmlhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742_url.xmlhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742.vcmlhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742.xpphttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742.scihttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742.pnghttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/model/download/MODEL9081220742?filename=MODEL9081220742.mprimaryOK200Sharat VayttadenNon-curatedordinary differential equation modelL2V1https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/MODEL908122074215298883falseBioModelsSBMLModelsBhalla2004 MAPK network 20032004MODEL9081220742Upinder S BhallaUpinder S Bhalla15298883, The synaptic signaling network is capable of sophisticated cellular computations. These include the ability to respond selectively to different patterns of input, and to sustain changes in response over long periods. The small volume of the synapse complicates the analysis of signaling because the chemical environment is strongly affected by diffusion and stochasticity. This study is based on an updated version of a previously proposed synaptic signaling circuit (Bhalla and Iyengar, 1999) and analyzes three network computation properties in small volumes: bistability, thresholding, and pattern selectivity. Simulations show that although there are diffusive regimes in which bistability may persist, chemical noise at small volumes overwhelms bistability. In the deterministic situation, the network exhibits a sharp threshold for transition between lower and upper stable states. This transition is broadened and individual runs partition between lower and upper states, when stochasticity is considered. The third network property, pattern selectivity, is severely degraded at synaptic volumes. However, there are regimes in which a process similar to stochastic resonance operates and amplifies pattern selectivity. These results imply that simple scaling of signaling conditions to femtoliter volumes is unlikely, and microenvironments, such as reaction complex formation, may be essential for reliable small-volume signaling.. 2, 87. National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India. bhalla@ncbs.res.indoqcs@ncbs.res.inDOQCSThe synaptic signaling network is capable of sophisticated cellular computations. These include the ability to respond selectively to different patterns of input, and to sustain changes in response over long periods. The small volume of the synapse complicates the analysis of signaling because the chemical environment is strongly affected by diffusion and stochasticity. This study is based on an updated version of a previously proposed synaptic signaling circuit (Bhalla and Iyengar, 1999) and analyzes three network computation properties in small volumes: bistability, thresholding, and pattern selectivity. Simulations show that although there are diffusive regimes in which bistability may persist, chemical noise at small volumes overwhelms bistability. In the deterministic situation, the network exhibits a sharp threshold for transition between lower and upper stable states. This transition is broadened and individual runs partition between lower and upper states, when stochasticity is considered. The third network property, pattern selectivity, is severely degraded at synaptic volumes. However, there are regimes in which a process similar to stochastic resonance operates and amplifies pattern selectivity. These results imply that simple scaling of signaling conditions to femtoliter volumes is unlikely, and microenvironments, such as reaction complex formation, may be essential for reliable small-volume signaling.Signaling in small subcellular volumes. II. Stochastic and diffusion effects on synaptic network properties.Bhalla Upinder S USfalseBhalla2004_MAPK_network_2003 This is a network model of many pathways present at the neuronal synapse. The network has properties of temporal tuning as well as steady-state computational properties. In its default form the network is bistable.Bhalla US Biophys J. 2004 Aug;87(2):745-53 This model originates from BioModels Database: A Database of Annotated Published Models (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/). It is copyright (c) 2005-2011 The BioModels.net Team. To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public domain worldwide. Please refer to CC0 Public Domain Dedication for more information. In summary, you are entitled to use this encoded model in absolutely any manner you deem suitable, verbatim, or with modification, alone or embedded it in a larger context, redistribute it, commercially or not, in a restricted way or not.. To cite BioModels Database, please use: Li C, Donizelli M, Rodriguez N, Dharuri H, Endler L, Chelliah V, Li L, He E, Henry A, Stefan MI, Snoep JL, Hucka M, Le Novère N, Laibe C (2010) BioModels Database: An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published quantitative kinetic models. BMC Syst Biol., 4:92. 2011-07-042005-01-012008-03-13MODEL908122074215298883MODEL9081220742GO:000016540674BTO:0000938