biostudies-literatureUnknown14Chang R<h4>Introduction</h4>Dysregulated macrophage polarization (excessive M1-like or limited M2-like macrophages) in the early decidua contributes to allogeneic fetal rejection and thus early spontaneous abortion. However, the modulators of M1/M2 balance at the early maternal-fetal interface remain mostly unknown.<h4>Methods</h4>First-trimester decidual tissues were collected from normal pregnant women undergoing elective pregnancy terminations and patients with spontaneous abortion. We measured the expression of placental growth factor (PlGF) and Fms-like-tyrosine-kinase receptor 1 (FLT-1), and characterized the profiles of macrophages in decidua. Notably, we investigated the effect of recombinant human PlGF (rhPlGF) on decidual macrophages (dMφs) from normal pregnancy and revealed the underlyFrontiers in immunology1061949https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10074254biostudies-literaturePlGF/FLT-1 deficiency leads to reduced STAT3-C/EBPβ signaling and aberrant polarization in decidual macrophages during early spontaneous abortion.PMC10074254Liu HLiu XHe FJiang LChang RJiang HHu LDai JWang LfalsePlGF/FLT-1 deficiency leads to reduced STAT3-C/EBPβ signaling and aberrant polarization in decidual macrophages during early spontaneous abortion.<h4>Introduction</h4>Dysregulated macrophage polarization (excessive M1-like or limited M2-like macrophages) in the early decidua contributes to allogeneic fetal rejection and thus early spontaneous abortion. However, the modulators of M1/M2 balance at the early maternal-fetal interface remain mostly unknown.<h4>Methods</h4>First-trimester decidual tissues were collected from normal pregnant women undergoing elective pregnancy terminations and patients with spontaneous abortion. We measured the expression of placental growth factor (PlGF) and Fms-like-tyrosine-kinase receptor 1 (FLT-1), and characterized the profiles of macrophages in decidua. Notably, we investigated the effect of recombinant human PlGF (rhPlGF) on decidual macrophages (dMφs) from normal pregnancy and revealed the underly2023-01-01T00:00:00Z20232026-03-31T11:23:15.902Z2025-02-19T01:33:08.253ZS-EPMC100742543703397410.3389/fimmu.2023.1061949