{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"submitter":["Sun T"],"funding":["Program for High-Level Overseas Talents, Beihang University","Young Talent Investigator Grant","Chinese Institute for Brain Research","Youth Thousand Scholar Program of China","MOST | National Key Research and Development Program of China","National Natural Science Foundation of China","Beijing Excellent Talent Plan","YouAn Medical Development Project of COVID-19 Emergency Prevention and Control Public","Beijing National Science Foundation","Beijing Natural Science Foundation","Beijing YouAn Hospital Project for COVID-19"],"pubmed_abstract":["Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been deployed in a significant portion of the world population, who have widely varied responses to vaccination. Understanding this differential response would help the development of new vaccines for non-responders. Here, we conducted surveillance of anti-Spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibody levels in a large cohort of 534 healthy Chinese subjects vaccinated with two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We show that the positive rate of antibodies among vaccinated subjects rapidly wanes as the interval between antibody testing and vaccination increases (14 to 119 days: 81.03%, 363 of 448 subjects; 120 to 149 days: 46.43%, 13 of 28 subjects; more than 150 days: 20%, 1 of 5 subjects). However, the antibodies were maintained at high levels in 16 convalescent COVID-19 patients at more than 150 days after recovery. We also found that increased age and body mass index are associated with decreased antibody levels. Vaccinated subjects who fail to produce antibodies display impaired B-cell activating humoral immunity, which was confirmed in COVID-19 patients without antibodies detected at 4 to 18 days after diagnosis. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Our study illustrates the immune responses engaged by encountering antigen, highlighting the critical roles of B-cell activating humoral immunity in the body's antibody production."],"journal":["Microbiology spectrum"],"pagination":["e0278322"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10101072"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Impaired Humoral Immunity Identified in Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Recipients without Anti-Spike RBD Antibodies."],"pmcid":["PMC10101072"],"funding_grant_id":["32000722","2020-NKX-XM-04","7212051","2018000021469G290","81771806 61936013","Z200024","BJYAYY-2020PY-03","L222097","501LKQB2020138014","BJYAYY-2020YC-03","2019YFE0121400"],"pubmed_authors":["Li H","Li J","Zhang J","Yang M","Sun T","Shi W","Li R","Wang H","Cai K","Zhou X","Wang L","Li W","Li Y","Huang X","Mei F","Wang Y","Song X"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Impaired Humoral Immunity Identified in Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Recipients without Anti-Spike RBD Antibodies.","description":"Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been deployed in a significant portion of the world population, who have widely varied responses to vaccination. Understanding this differential response would help the development of new vaccines for non-responders. Here, we conducted surveillance of anti-Spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibody levels in a large cohort of 534 healthy Chinese subjects vaccinated with two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We show that the positive rate of antibodies among vaccinated subjects rapidly wanes as the interval between antibody testing and vaccination increases (14 to 119 days: 81.03%, 363 of 448 subjects; 120 to 149 days: 46.43%, 13 of 28 subjects; more than 150 days: 20%, 1 of 5 subjects). However, the antibodies were maintained at high levels in 16 convalescent COVID-19 patients at more than 150 days after recovery. We also found that increased age and body mass index are associated with decreased antibody levels. Vaccinated subjects who fail to produce antibodies display impaired B-cell activating humoral immunity, which was confirmed in COVID-19 patients without antibodies detected at 4 to 18 days after diagnosis. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Our study illustrates the immune responses engaged by encountering antigen, highlighting the critical roles of B-cell activating humoral immunity in the body's antibody production.","dates":{"release":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2023 Mar","modification":"2026-06-21T03:22:44.58Z","creation":"2026-06-21T03:13:11.236Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC10101072","cross_references":{"pubmed":["36916970"],"doi":["10.1128/spectrum.02783-22"]}}