biostudies-literatureUnknown45(2)Yang BTwo new species of <i>Polyalthiopsis</i> (Annonaceae), <i>P. nigra</i> Y.H. Tan & Bin Yang from Guangxi and Yunnan Provinces and <i>P. xui</i> Y.H. Tan & Bin Yang from Yunnan Province, are described and illustrated. <i>P. nigra</i> is morphologically similar to <i>P. chinensis</i> in having narrowly elliptic-oblong, lemon to yellowish green petals, but differs by having obovoid monocarps, a higher number of leaf secondary veins, leaf blades usually widest above the middle, and a lower ratio of leaf blade length to width. <i>P. xui</i> is morphologically similar to <i>P. floribunda</i> in having axillary inflorescences, 1-3(-4) flowers, elliptic leaves, and elliptic-ovate petals, but differs in the numbers of carpels per flower and ovules per carpel. The molecular phylogenetic analysis usinPlant diversity185-198https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10105080biostudies-literatureTwo new species of <i>Polyalthiopsis</i> (Annonaceae) based on morphological characters and phylogenetic evidence, with a supplementary description of <i>P. chinensis</i> from China.PMC10105080Yang RJYang BZuo YJDeng MLi JYDing HBTan YHXiao CFfalseTwo new species of <i>Polyalthiopsis</i> (Annonaceae) based on morphological characters and phylogenetic evidence, with a supplementary description of <i>P. chinensis</i> from China.Two new species of <i>Polyalthiopsis</i> (Annonaceae), <i>P. nigra</i> Y.H. Tan & Bin Yang from Guangxi and Yunnan Provinces and <i>P. xui</i> Y.H. Tan & Bin Yang from Yunnan Province, are described and illustrated. <i>P. nigra</i> is morphologically similar to <i>P. chinensis</i> in having narrowly elliptic-oblong, lemon to yellowish green petals, but differs by having obovoid monocarps, a higher number of leaf secondary veins, leaf blades usually widest above the middle, and a lower ratio of leaf blade length to width. <i>P. xui</i> is morphologically similar to <i>P. floribunda</i> in having axillary inflorescences, 1-3(-4) flowers, elliptic leaves, and elliptic-ovate petals, but differs in the numbers of carpels per flower and ovules per carpel. The molecular phylogenetic analysis usin2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Mar2026-07-14T22:22:28.462Z2025-04-07T01:27:39.02ZS-EPMC101050803706992310.1016/j.pld.2022.05.001