biostudies-literatureSoleimany AUniversity of TehranHorizon 2020 Framework ProgrammeFunda??o para a Ci?ncia e a TecnologiaEuropean Regional Development Fund20811-20821https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10165604biostudies-literatureUnknown15(17)Combined photodynamic/photothermal therapy (PDT/PTT) has emerged as a promising cancer treatment modality due to its potential synergistic effects and identical treatment procedures. However, its clinical application is hindered by long treatment times and complicated treatment operations when separate illumination sources are required. Here, we present the development of a new nanohybrid comprising thiolated chitosan-coated gold nanostars (AuNS-TCS) as the photothermal agent and riboflavin-conjugated N,S-doped graphene quantum dot (Rf-N,S-GQD) as the two-photon photosensitizer (TP-PS). The nanohybrid demonstrated combined TP-PDT/PTT when a low-power, single-pulsed laser irradiation was applied, and the localized surface plasmon resonance of AuNS was in resonance with the TP-absorption wavACS applied materials & interfacesExploring Low-Power Single-Pulsed Laser-Triggered Two-Photon Photodynamic/Photothermal Combination Therapy Using a Gold Nanostar/Graphene Quantum Dot Nanohybrid.PMC101656042021.07508.BD951723Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000051Khoee SDias SSarmento BSoleimany AfalseExploring Low-Power Single-Pulsed Laser-Triggered Two-Photon Photodynamic/Photothermal Combination Therapy Using a Gold Nanostar/Graphene Quantum Dot Nanohybrid.Combined photodynamic/photothermal therapy (PDT/PTT) has emerged as a promising cancer treatment modality due to its potential synergistic effects and identical treatment procedures. However, its clinical application is hindered by long treatment times and complicated treatment operations when separate illumination sources are required. Here, we present the development of a new nanohybrid comprising thiolated chitosan-coated gold nanostars (AuNS-TCS) as the photothermal agent and riboflavin-conjugated N,S-doped graphene quantum dot (Rf-N,S-GQD) as the two-photon photosensitizer (TP-PS). The nanohybrid demonstrated combined TP-PDT/PTT when a low-power, single-pulsed laser irradiation was applied, and the localized surface plasmon resonance of AuNS was in resonance with the TP-absorption wav2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 May2025-04-18T15:14:21.365Z2025-04-07T01:48:52.273ZS-EPMC101656043708334610.1021/acsami.3c03578