{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Li J"],"funding":["NICHD NIH HHS","NIAID NIH HHS","National Institutes of Health","NIH HHS"],"pagination":["e86001"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10171862"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["12"],"pubmed_abstract":["Obesity incidence is increasing worldwide with the urgent need to identify new therapeutics. Sex differences in immune cell activation drive obesity-mediated pathologies where males are more susceptible to obesity comorbidities and exacerbated inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that the macrophage-secreted protein RELMα critically protects females against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Compared to male mice, serum RELMα levels were higher in both control and HFD-fed females and correlated with frequency of adipose macrophages and eosinophils. RELMα-deficient females gained more weight and had proinflammatory macrophage accumulation and eosinophil loss in the adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF), while RELMα treatment or eosinophil transfer rescued this phenotype. Single-cell RNA-s"],"journal":["eLife"],"pubmed_title":["Sexual dimorphism in obesity is governed by RELMα regulation of adipose macrophages and eosinophils."],"pmcid":["PMC10171862"],"funding_grant_id":["S10 OD026929","R01 HD091167","R01HD091167","R01AI153195","R01 AI153195"],"pubmed_authors":["Li J","Qiu X","He Y","Godzik A","Coss D","Nair MG","Villa P","Ruggiero-Ruff RE","Lainez N"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Sexual dimorphism in obesity is governed by RELMα regulation of adipose macrophages and eosinophils.","description":"Obesity incidence is increasing worldwide with the urgent need to identify new therapeutics. Sex differences in immune cell activation drive obesity-mediated pathologies where males are more susceptible to obesity comorbidities and exacerbated inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that the macrophage-secreted protein RELMα critically protects females against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Compared to male mice, serum RELMα levels were higher in both control and HFD-fed females and correlated with frequency of adipose macrophages and eosinophils. RELMα-deficient females gained more weight and had proinflammatory macrophage accumulation and eosinophil loss in the adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF), while RELMα treatment or eosinophil transfer rescued this phenotype. Single-cell RNA-s","dates":{"release":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2023 May","modification":"2026-05-28T18:40:00.356Z","creation":"2025-02-19T04:44:05.073Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC10171862","cross_references":{"pubmed":["37162190"],"doi":["10.7554/eLife.86001"]}}