biostudies-literatureXu BNCI NIH HHS612-619https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10173871biostudies-literatureUnknown76(3)<h4>Purpose</h4>Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is the most lethal form of thyroid cancer with most patients dying of their disease within a few months. Only a very small percentage of long-term survivors (LTS) are alive for 2 years or longer. In this retrospective case-control study, we provided a comprehensive comparison between 46 ATC LTSs and 75 ATC control patients who suffered disease-specific mortality within 2 years, aiming to identify factors that may be associated with prolonged survival in ATC.<h4>Methods</h4>A comprehensive clinicopathologic and molecular comparison was performed between 46 ATC LTSs and 75 ATC control patients. Peripheral neutrophil count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were recorded. The composition of the tumor microenvironment was compared using EndocrineProlonged survival of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is associated with resectability, low tumor-infiltrating neutrophils/myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and low peripheral neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.PMC10173871R01 CA255211P30 CA008748Balzer BSetoodeh RMohanty ASLanda IXu BDogan SGhossein RTiedje VFagin JAZhang LGanly IfalseProlonged survival of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is associated with resectability, low tumor-infiltrating neutrophils/myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and low peripheral neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.<h4>Purpose</h4>Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is the most lethal form of thyroid cancer with most patients dying of their disease within a few months. Only a very small percentage of long-term survivors (LTS) are alive for 2 years or longer. In this retrospective case-control study, we provided a comprehensive comparison between 46 ATC LTSs and 75 ATC control patients who suffered disease-specific mortality within 2 years, aiming to identify factors that may be associated with prolonged survival in ATC.<h4>Methods</h4>A comprehensive clinicopathologic and molecular comparison was performed between 46 ATC LTSs and 75 ATC control patients. Peripheral neutrophil count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were recorded. The composition of the tumor microenvironment was compared using 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Jun2025-04-04T00:04:01.872Z2024-11-20T12:15:30.684ZS-EPMC101738713514993210.1007/s12020-022-03008-9