biostudies-literatureSchank MNIH HHS1061https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10224005biostudies-literatureUnknown15(5)We have previously demonstrated mitochondrial dysfunction in aging CD4 T cells from antiretroviral therapy (ART)-controlled people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the underlying mechanisms by which CD4 T cells develop mitochondrial dysfunction in PLWH remain unclear. In this study, we sought to elucidate the mechanism(s) of CD4 T cell mitochondrial compromise in ART-controlled PLWH. We first assessed the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and we observed significantly increased cellular and mitochondrial ROS levels in CD4 T cells from PLWH compared to healthy subjects (HS). Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction in the levels of proteins responsible for antioxidant defense (superoxide dismutase 1, SOD1) and ROS-mediated DNA damage repair (apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleaseVirusesROS-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in CD4 T Cells from ART-Controlled People Living with HIV.PMC10224005R21AI157909R15AG069544R15AG076370-01R15AG076370-015S1Jiang YEl Gazzar MNing SNguyen LNTMoorman JPZhang JZhang YYao ZQWu XYZhao JSchank MWang LfalseROS-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in CD4 T Cells from ART-Controlled People Living with HIV.We have previously demonstrated mitochondrial dysfunction in aging CD4 T cells from antiretroviral therapy (ART)-controlled people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the underlying mechanisms by which CD4 T cells develop mitochondrial dysfunction in PLWH remain unclear. In this study, we sought to elucidate the mechanism(s) of CD4 T cell mitochondrial compromise in ART-controlled PLWH. We first assessed the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and we observed significantly increased cellular and mitochondrial ROS levels in CD4 T cells from PLWH compared to healthy subjects (HS). Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction in the levels of proteins responsible for antioxidant defense (superoxide dismutase 1, SOD1) and ROS-mediated DNA damage repair (apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Apr2025-05-29T16:22:29.539Z2025-05-29T16:22:29.539ZS-EPMC102240053724314810.3390/v15051061