biostudies-literatureUnknown2Kasper BS50 years ago back in 1971, David C. Taylor and colleagues from England reported on a small series of surgical epilepsy cases proposing a new type of tissue lesion as a cause of difficult-to-treat focal epilepsy: a localized malformation of cerebral cortex. The lesion is now known as focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) Type II or Taylor's cortical dysplasia. FCD II is not rare, and today is a frequent finding in neurosurgical epilepsy specimens. Medical progress has been achieved in that the majority of FCD II is diagnosed non-invasively by magnetic resonance imaging today. Detailed studies on FCD revealed that the lesion belongs to a spectrum of mTOR-o-pathies, thereby confirming the authors´ initial hypothesis of a relationship to tuberous sclerosis. Here, selected original materials from TaylFree neuropathology11https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10240934biostudies-literatureTaylor's focal cortical dysplasia revisited: History, original specimens and impact.PMC10240934Kasper BSfalseTaylor's focal cortical dysplasia revisited: History, original specimens and impact.50 years ago back in 1971, David C. Taylor and colleagues from England reported on a small series of surgical epilepsy cases proposing a new type of tissue lesion as a cause of difficult-to-treat focal epilepsy: a localized malformation of cerebral cortex. The lesion is now known as focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) Type II or Taylor's cortical dysplasia. FCD II is not rare, and today is a frequent finding in neurosurgical epilepsy specimens. Medical progress has been achieved in that the majority of FCD II is diagnosed non-invasively by magnetic resonance imaging today. Detailed studies on FCD revealed that the lesion belongs to a spectrum of mTOR-o-pathies, thereby confirming the authors´ initial hypothesis of a relationship to tuberous sclerosis. Here, selected original materials from Tayl2021-01-01T00:00:00Z2021 Jan2026-06-06T22:11:57.208Z2025-04-19T17:50:45.139ZS-EPMC102409343728462010.17879/freeneuropathology-2021-3324