biostudies-literatureUnknown93Ning C<h4>Background</h4>Various studies have reported cell-free RNAs (cfRNAs) as noninvasive biomarkers for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, they have not been independently validated, and some results are contradictory. We provided a comprehensive evaluation of various types of cfRNA biomarkers and a full mining of the biomarker potential of new features of cfRNA.<h4>Methods</h4>We first systematically reviewed reported cfRNA biomarkers and calculated dysregulated post-transcriptional events and cfRNA fragments. In 3 independent multicentre cohorts, we further selected 6 cfRNAs using RT-qPCR, built a panel called HCCMDP with AFP using machine learning, and internally and externally validated HCCMDP's performance.<h4>Findings</h4>We identified 23 cfRNA biomarker candidates froEBioMedicine104645https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10363443biostudies-literatureA comprehensive evaluation of full-spectrum cell-free RNAs highlights cell-free RNA fragments for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma detection.PMC10363443Li GYan LNing CLu ZJCai PChen LBao PLiu XTang KNing MGuo HLuo YWang YWang ZYin JfalseA comprehensive evaluation of full-spectrum cell-free RNAs highlights cell-free RNA fragments for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma detection.<h4>Background</h4>Various studies have reported cell-free RNAs (cfRNAs) as noninvasive biomarkers for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, they have not been independently validated, and some results are contradictory. We provided a comprehensive evaluation of various types of cfRNA biomarkers and a full mining of the biomarker potential of new features of cfRNA.<h4>Methods</h4>We first systematically reviewed reported cfRNA biomarkers and calculated dysregulated post-transcriptional events and cfRNA fragments. In 3 independent multicentre cohorts, we further selected 6 cfRNAs using RT-qPCR, built a panel called HCCMDP with AFP using machine learning, and internally and externally validated HCCMDP's performance.<h4>Findings</h4>We identified 23 cfRNA biomarker candidates fro2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jul2026-04-12T23:14:36.441Z2024-12-03T20:33:55.5ZS-EPMC103634433731544910.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104645