biostudies-literatureAguilera JNIEHS NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHS100093https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10399148biostudies-literatureUnknown2(2)<h4>Background</h4>Given the increasing prevalence of wildfires worldwide, understanding the effects of wildfire air pollutants on human health-particularly in specific immunologic pathways-is crucial. Exposure to air pollutants is associated with cardiorespiratory disease; however, immune and epithelial barrier alterations require further investigation.<h4>Objective</h4>We sought to determine the impact of wildfire smoke exposure on the immune system and epithelial barriers by using proteomics and immune cell phenotyping.<h4>Methods</h4>A San Francisco Bay area cohort (n = 15; age 30 ± 10 years) provided blood samples before (October 2019 to March 2020; air quality index = 37) and during (August 2020; air quality index = 80) a major wildfire. Exposure samples were collected 11 days (rangeThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. GlobalGranzymes, IL-16, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 increase during wildfire smoke exposure.PMC10399148P01 HL152953R01 ES032253Heider AAlkotob SNadeau KCAkdis CACauwenberghs NPrunicki MKaushik AAguilera JOgulur IYazici DSmith EfalseGranzymes, IL-16, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 increase during wildfire smoke exposure.<h4>Background</h4>Given the increasing prevalence of wildfires worldwide, understanding the effects of wildfire air pollutants on human health-particularly in specific immunologic pathways-is crucial. Exposure to air pollutants is associated with cardiorespiratory disease; however, immune and epithelial barrier alterations require further investigation.<h4>Objective</h4>We sought to determine the impact of wildfire smoke exposure on the immune system and epithelial barriers by using proteomics and immune cell phenotyping.<h4>Methods</h4>A San Francisco Bay area cohort (n = 15; age 30 ± 10 years) provided blood samples before (October 2019 to March 2020; air quality index = 37) and during (August 2020; air quality index = 80) a major wildfire. Exposure samples were collected 11 days (range2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 May2025-07-12T03:06:37.681Z2025-07-12T03:06:37.681ZS-EPMC103991483753935410.1016/j.jacig.2023.100093