biostudies-literatureSun TNational Natural Science Foundation of Chinae0291116https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10490952biostudies-literatureUnknown18(9)A large number of waxy maize landraces are distributed in Yunnan and surrounding areas, and abundant waxy alleles of different types are distributed in these landraces. The identification of waxy alleles is helpful to the protection and utilization of these waxy landraces. This study introduced structure characteristics of waxy genes from two specific landraces of Yunnan, Zinuoyumi and Myanmar Four-Row Wax. Zinuoyumi has two waxy alleles wx-Cin4 and wx-Cin4-2; Myanmar Four-Row Wax has three waxy alleles wx-D10, wx-Reina and wx-D11. The wx-Cin4-2 and wx-D11 are two types of waxy alleles first reported in this study. The wx-Cin4-2 has two mutation sites, deletion of 30 bp in exon 10, insertion of a 1,267 bp non-long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposon Cin4 in intron 10, and 13 bp extraPloS oneStructure characteristics of mutation sites in two waxy alleles from Yunnan waxy maize (Zea mays L. var. certaina Kulesh) landraces.PMC1049095232060459Sun TWu XfalseStructure characteristics of mutation sites in two waxy alleles from Yunnan waxy maize (Zea mays L. var. certaina Kulesh) landraces.A large number of waxy maize landraces are distributed in Yunnan and surrounding areas, and abundant waxy alleles of different types are distributed in these landraces. The identification of waxy alleles is helpful to the protection and utilization of these waxy landraces. This study introduced structure characteristics of waxy genes from two specific landraces of Yunnan, Zinuoyumi and Myanmar Four-Row Wax. Zinuoyumi has two waxy alleles wx-Cin4 and wx-Cin4-2; Myanmar Four-Row Wax has three waxy alleles wx-D10, wx-Reina and wx-D11. The wx-Cin4-2 and wx-D11 are two types of waxy alleles first reported in this study. The wx-Cin4-2 has two mutation sites, deletion of 30 bp in exon 10, insertion of a 1,267 bp non-long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposon Cin4 in intron 10, and 13 bp extra2023-01-01T00:00:00Z20232026-05-28T15:28:55.491Z2025-04-07T03:30:00.518ZS-EPMC104909523768292610.1371/journal.pone.0291116