biostudies-literatureYu YGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesShenzhen Key Laboratory of Functional Aggregate MaterialsNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Guangdong ProvinceSichuan Science and Technology Programe2302395https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10502865biostudies-literatureUnknown10(26)X-ray induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) circumvents the poor penetration depth of conventional PDT with minimal radio-resistance generation. However, conventional X-PDT typically requires inorganic scintillators as energy transducers to excite neighboring photosensitizers (PSs) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, a pure organic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanoscintillator (TBDCR NPs) that can massively generate both type I and type II ROS under direct X-ray irradiation is reported for hypoxia-tolerant X-PDT. Heteroatoms are introduced to enhance X-ray harvesting and ROS generation ability, and AIE-active TBDCR exhibits aggregation-enhanced ROS especially less oxygen-dependent hydroxyl radical (HO^•- , type I) generation ability. TBDCR NPs with a distinctiAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)Pure Organic AIE Nanoscintillator for X-ray Mediated Type I and Type II Photodynamic Therapy.PMC10502865ZDSYS2021102111140000182003242222050672019B0303010032023YFS03182021A1515011901Ni ZLiu YXie GZhu ZHZhang XFeng GZhang LTang BZXiang LYu YLan JLiu WfalsePure Organic AIE Nanoscintillator for X-ray Mediated Type I and Type II Photodynamic Therapy.X-ray induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) circumvents the poor penetration depth of conventional PDT with minimal radio-resistance generation. However, conventional X-PDT typically requires inorganic scintillators as energy transducers to excite neighboring photosensitizers (PSs) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, a pure organic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanoscintillator (TBDCR NPs) that can massively generate both type I and type II ROS under direct X-ray irradiation is reported for hypoxia-tolerant X-PDT. Heteroatoms are introduced to enhance X-ray harvesting and ROS generation ability, and AIE-active TBDCR exhibits aggregation-enhanced ROS especially less oxygen-dependent hydroxyl radical (HO^•- , type I) generation ability. TBDCR NPs with a distincti2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Sep2025-04-27T03:38:50.507Z2025-04-06T18:57:15.491ZS-EPMC105028653742404910.1002/advs.202302395