biostudies-literatureUnknown15(9)Guidolin FRAccidents with snakes are responsible for about 32,000 deaths annually in sub-Saharan Africa, caused mostly by snakes from the genus <i>Bitis</i>, in particular <i>Bitis arietans</i>. <i>B. arietans</i> venom is composed of a complex mixture of toxins, mainly metalloproteases, serine proteases, phospholipases, lectins, and disintegrins. In this work, we compared two approaches to anti-<i>B</i>. <i>arietans</i> antivenom production: immunization with crude snake venom ("traditional approach") and immunization with selected key toxins isolated from the snake venom ("toxin oriented" approach). Fractions from <i>B. arietans</i> venom were isolated by size exclusion chromatography. Crude venom and samples containing serine proteases or metalloproteases were selected for the immunization of BALBToxins584https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10537286biostudies-literatureComparing Traditional and Toxin-Oriented Approaches towards Antivenom Production against <i>Bitis arietans</i> Snake Venom.PMC10537286da Silva WDde Godoi KSPortaro FCVIwai LKSpencer PJMegale AAAda Silva CCFKodama RTCajado-Carvalho DGuidolin FRfalseComparing Traditional and Toxin-Oriented Approaches towards Antivenom Production against <i>Bitis arietans</i> Snake Venom.Accidents with snakes are responsible for about 32,000 deaths annually in sub-Saharan Africa, caused mostly by snakes from the genus <i>Bitis</i>, in particular <i>Bitis arietans</i>. <i>B. arietans</i> venom is composed of a complex mixture of toxins, mainly metalloproteases, serine proteases, phospholipases, lectins, and disintegrins. In this work, we compared two approaches to anti-<i>B</i>. <i>arietans</i> antivenom production: immunization with crude snake venom ("traditional approach") and immunization with selected key toxins isolated from the snake venom ("toxin oriented" approach). Fractions from <i>B. arietans</i> venom were isolated by size exclusion chromatography. Crude venom and samples containing serine proteases or metalloproteases were selected for the immunization of BALB2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Sep2025-07-06T03:04:22.179Z2025-04-07T13:38:40.51ZS-EPMC105372863775601010.3390/toxins15090584