biostudies-literatureAires JAgence Nationale de la Recherche2457https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10609581biostudies-literatureUnknown11(10)<h4>Background</h4>Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is still one of the leading causes of neonatal death. The present study reports the data from a French case-control prospective multicenter study.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 146 preterm neonates (PNs) with or without NEC were included. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on stool samples (n = 103). Specific culture media were used to isolate <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Clostridium butyricum</i>, and <i>Clostridium neonatale</i>, and strains were phenotypically characterized.<h4>Results</h4>The gut microbiota of PNs was dominated by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and five enterotypes were identified. The microbiota composition was similar between NEC cases and PN controls. However, differences were observed in the relative abundMicroorganismsOccurrence of Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Premature Neonates and Gut Microbiota: A Case-Control Prospective Multicenter Study.PMC10609581ANR-13-PRTS-0018Ilhan ZEClosNEC Study GroupNicolas LAires JFerraris LBarbut FLepage PButel MJBredel MChauvire-Drouard ADelannoy JRoze JCfalseOccurrence of Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Premature Neonates and Gut Microbiota: A Case-Control Prospective Multicenter Study.<h4>Background</h4>Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is still one of the leading causes of neonatal death. The present study reports the data from a French case-control prospective multicenter study.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 146 preterm neonates (PNs) with or without NEC were included. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on stool samples (n = 103). Specific culture media were used to isolate <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Clostridium butyricum</i>, and <i>Clostridium neonatale</i>, and strains were phenotypically characterized.<h4>Results</h4>The gut microbiota of PNs was dominated by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and five enterotypes were identified. The microbiota composition was similar between NEC cases and PN controls. However, differences were observed in the relative abund2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Sep2026-05-16T03:08:45.159Z2025-04-04T10:06:58.003ZS-EPMC106095813789411510.3390/microorganisms11102457