biostudies-literatureLi ZNational Science Fund for Distinguished Young ScholarsNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Key Research and Development Program of China1965-1973https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10616486biostudies-literatureUnknown16(11)<h4>Background</h4>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a significant challenge to human health and economic stability in aging societies worldwide. Current clinical practice strategies remain insufficient for the early identification of kidney dysfunction, and the differential diagnosis of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) predominantly relies on invasive kidney biopsy procedures.<h4>Methods</h4>First, we assessed a case-control cohort to obtain urine samples from healthy controls and biopsy-confirmed CKD patients. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) was applied to detect urinary peptide and then these urinary peptide profiles were used to construct diagnostic models to distinguish CKD patients from controls and identify IClinical kidney journalUrinary peptidome analysis in CKD and IgA nephropathy.PMC106164862022YFA080640081 925 02682 130 068Liu HLi ZZeng NLiang GLin XChen XLin JZheng PZhou HZhao XZheng DfalseUrinary peptidome analysis in CKD and IgA nephropathy.<h4>Background</h4>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a significant challenge to human health and economic stability in aging societies worldwide. Current clinical practice strategies remain insufficient for the early identification of kidney dysfunction, and the differential diagnosis of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) predominantly relies on invasive kidney biopsy procedures.<h4>Methods</h4>First, we assessed a case-control cohort to obtain urine samples from healthy controls and biopsy-confirmed CKD patients. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) was applied to detect urinary peptide and then these urinary peptide profiles were used to construct diagnostic models to distinguish CKD patients from controls and identify I2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Nov2025-04-04T14:36:00.987Z2025-04-04T14:36:00.987ZS-EPMC106164863791593110.1093/ckj/sfad211