biostudies-literatureLi MTianjin Commission of Science and TechnologyFrontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterMOST | National Natural Science Foundation of Chinae2305705120https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10629531biostudies-literatureUnknown120(29)The assimilation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by pathogenic bacteria poses a severe threat to public health. Here, we reported a dual-reaction-site-modified Co_SA/Ti₃C₂T_x (single cobalt atoms immobilized on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene) for effectively deactivating extracellular ARGs via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. The enhanced removal of ARGs was attributed to the synergistic effect of adsorption (Ti sites) and degradation (Co-O₃ sites). The Ti sites on Co_SA/Ti₃C₂T_x nanosheets bound with PO₄^3- on the phosphate skeletons of ARGs via Ti-O-P coordination interactions, achieving excellent adsorption capacity (10.21 × 10¹⁰ copies mg^-1) for <i>tetA,</i> and the Co-O₃ sites activated PMS into surface-bond hydroxyl radicals (•OH_surface), which can quickly attack the backbones and bases of the adsorbed ARGs, resulting in the efficient in situ degradation of ARGs into inactive small molecular organics and NO₃. This dual-reaction-site Fenton-like system exhibited ultrahigh extracellular ARG degradation rate (k > 0.9 min^-1) and showed the potential for practical wastewater treatment in a membrane filtration process, which provided insights for extracellular ARG removal via catalysts design.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaSingle cobalt atoms anchored on Ti₃C₂T_x with dual reaction sites for efficient adsorption-degradation of antibiotic resistance genes.PMC1062953122225604 2207608220YFZCSN0107021874099 221761406318120622006029 4227705921YFSNSN00250Li YWang PZhang KZhan SBao YZhang HCrittenden JCLi MfalseSingle cobalt atoms anchored on Ti₃C₂T_x with dual reaction sites for efficient adsorption-degradation of antibiotic resistance genes.The assimilation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) by pathogenic bacteria poses a severe threat to public health. Here, we reported a dual-reaction-site-modified Co_SA/Ti₃C₂T_x (single cobalt atoms immobilized on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene) for effectively deactivating extracellular ARGs via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. The enhanced removal of ARGs was attributed to the synergistic effect of adsorption (Ti sites) and degradation (Co-O₃ sites). The Ti sites on Co_SA/Ti₃C₂T_x nanosheets bound with PO₄^3- on the phosphate skeletons of ARGs via Ti-O-P coordination interactions, achieving excellent adsorption capacity (10.21 × 10¹⁰ copies mg^-1) for <i>tetA,</i> and the Co-O₃ sites activated PMS into surface-bond hydroxyl radicals (•OH_surface), which can quickly attack the backbones and bases of the adsorbed ARGs, resulting in the efficient in situ degradation of ARGs into inactive small molecular organics and NO₃. This dual-reaction-site Fenton-like system exhibited ultrahigh extracellular ARG degradation rate (k > 0.9 min^-1) and showed the potential for practical wastewater treatment in a membrane filtration process, which provided insights for extracellular ARG removal via catalysts design.2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jul2025-04-05T10:45:38.99Z2025-04-05T10:45:38.99ZS-EPMC106295313742892210.1073/pnas.2305705120