biostudies-literatureWang YTNational Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)848https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10692071biostudies-literatureUnknown10(1)The fruit fly Zeugodacus tau (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a major pest of melons and other cucurbits in Southeast Asia. In this study, we used Illumina, Nanopore, and Hi-C sequencing technologies to assemble a reference genome of Z. tau at the chromosomal level. The assembled genome was 421.79 Mb and consisted of six chromosomes (one X-chromosome + five autosomes). The contig N50 was 4.23 Mb. We identified 20,922 protein-coding genes, of which 17,251 (82.45%) were functionally annotated. Additionally, we found 247 rRNAs, 435 tRNAs, 67 small nuclear RNAs, and 829 small RNAs in the genome. Repetitive elements accounted for 55.30 Mb (13.15%) of the genome. This high-quality genome assembly is valuable for evolutionary and genetic studies of Z. tau and its relative species.Scientific dataChromosome-level genome assembly of an agricultural pest Zeugodacus tau (Diptera: Tephritidae).PMC1069207132102205Chen JCCao LJMa WHYang JFChen HSZhang YWang YTWei SJTian ZYSong WGao XYZhou ZSfalseChromosome-level genome assembly of an agricultural pest Zeugodacus tau (Diptera: Tephritidae).The fruit fly Zeugodacus tau (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a major pest of melons and other cucurbits in Southeast Asia. In this study, we used Illumina, Nanopore, and Hi-C sequencing technologies to assemble a reference genome of Z. tau at the chromosomal level. The assembled genome was 421.79 Mb and consisted of six chromosomes (one X-chromosome + five autosomes). The contig N50 was 4.23 Mb. We identified 20,922 protein-coding genes, of which 17,251 (82.45%) were functionally annotated. Additionally, we found 247 rRNAs, 435 tRNAs, 67 small nuclear RNAs, and 829 small RNAs in the genome. Repetitive elements accounted for 55.30 Mb (13.15%) of the genome. This high-quality genome assembly is valuable for evolutionary and genetic studies of Z. tau and its relative species.2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Dec2025-04-25T17:29:16.219Z2025-04-06T04:05:15.508ZS-EPMC106920713804074410.1038/s41597-023-02765-0