biostudies-literatureUnknown16Trotta MC<h4>Introduction</h4>Diabetic tendinopathy is a common invalidating and challenging disease that may be treated using stem cells. However, the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (ASC-CM) in diabetic tendinopathy have never been explored.<h4>Objectives</h4>The present study evaluated the effects of ASC-CM on morphology, cell viability, structure, and scratch wound closure of human tenocytes (HTNC) exposed to high glucose (HG).<h4>Design</h4>Experimental study.<h4>Methods</h4>HTNC were exposed to HG (25 mM) for 7, 14 and 21 days with or without ASC-CM for the last 24 h. CM was collected from 4 × 10⁵ ASCs, centrifuged for 10 min at 200 g and sterilized with 0.22 μm syringe filter.<h4>Results</h4>At 7 days, HG-HTNC had decreased cell viability [72 ± 2%, <i>p</i> < 0.01 <i>versus</i> normal glucose (NG)] compared to NG-HTNC (90 ± 5%). A further decrement was detected after 14 and 21 days (60 ± 4% and 60 ± 5%, both, <i>p</i> < 0.01 <i>versus</i> NG and <i>p</i> < 0.01 <i>versus</i> HG7). While NG-HTNC evidenced a normal fibroblast cell-like elongated morphology, HG-HTNC showed increased cell roundness. In contrast, HG-HTNC exposed to ASC-CM showed a significant increase in cell viability, an improved cell morphology and higher scratch wound closure at all HG time points. Moreover, the exposure to ASC-CM significantly increased thrombospondin 1 and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) content in HG-HTNC. The TGF-β1 elevation was paralleled by higher Collagen I and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in HG-HTNC.<h4>Conclusion</h4>ASC-CM may restore the natural morphology, cell viability and structure of HTNC, promoting their scratch wound closure through TGF-β1 increase.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease1759720X231214903https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10775729biostudies-literatureEffects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium on human tenocytes exposed to high glucose.PMC10775729Itro ALepre CCMoretti AD'Amico MBraile AToro GTrotta MCRusso MGuida FTarantino UfalseEffects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium on human tenocytes exposed to high glucose.<h4>Introduction</h4>Diabetic tendinopathy is a common invalidating and challenging disease that may be treated using stem cells. However, the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (ASC-CM) in diabetic tendinopathy have never been explored.<h4>Objectives</h4>The present study evaluated the effects of ASC-CM on morphology, cell viability, structure, and scratch wound closure of human tenocytes (HTNC) exposed to high glucose (HG).<h4>Design</h4>Experimental study.<h4>Methods</h4>HTNC were exposed to HG (25 mM) for 7, 14 and 21 days with or without ASC-CM for the last 24 h. CM was collected from 4 × 10⁵ ASCs, centrifuged for 10 min at 200 g and sterilized with 0.22 μm syringe filter.<h4>Results</h4>At 7 days, HG-HTNC had decreased cell viability [72 ± 2%, <i>p</i> < 0.01 <i>versus</i> normal glucose (NG)] compared to NG-HTNC (90 ± 5%). A further decrement was detected after 14 and 21 days (60 ± 4% and 60 ± 5%, both, <i>p</i> < 0.01 <i>versus</i> NG and <i>p</i> < 0.01 <i>versus</i> HG7). While NG-HTNC evidenced a normal fibroblast cell-like elongated morphology, HG-HTNC showed increased cell roundness. In contrast, HG-HTNC exposed to ASC-CM showed a significant increase in cell viability, an improved cell morphology and higher scratch wound closure at all HG time points. Moreover, the exposure to ASC-CM significantly increased thrombospondin 1 and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) content in HG-HTNC. The TGF-β1 elevation was paralleled by higher Collagen I and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in HG-HTNC.<h4>Conclusion</h4>ASC-CM may restore the natural morphology, cell viability and structure of HTNC, promoting their scratch wound closure through TGF-β1 increase.2024-01-01T00:00:00Z20242025-04-04T13:58:19.944Z2025-04-04T13:58:19.944ZS-EPMC107757293820480110.1177/1759720X231214903