biostudies-literatureKerlikowske KAgency for Health Research and QualityAHRQ HHSNational Cancer InstituteLake Champlain Cancer Research OrganizationNCI NIH HHSUniversity of Vermont Cancer CenterBreast Cancer Surveillance ConsortiumPatient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute249-257https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10852604biostudies-literatureUnknown116(2)<h4>Background</h4>Examining screening outcomes by breast density for breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with or without mammography could inform discussions about supplemental MRI in women with dense breasts.<h4>Methods</h4>We evaluated 52 237 women aged 40-79 years who underwent 2611 screening MRIs alone and 6518 supplemental MRI plus mammography pairs propensity score-matched to 65 810 screening mammograms. Rates per 1000 examinations of interval, advanced, and screen-detected early stage invasive cancers and false-positive recall and biopsy recommendation were estimated by breast density (nondense = almost entirely fatty or scattered fibroglandular densities; dense = heterogeneously/extremely dense) adjusting for registry, examination year, age, race and ethnicity, family history Journal of the National Cancer InstituteSupplemental magnetic resonance imaging plus mammography compared with magnetic resonance imaging or mammography by extent of breast density.PMC10852604P01CA154292R01 HS018366R01 HS018366-01A1#032800U54CA163303PCS-1504-30370U54 CA163303P01 CA154292Su YRO'Meara ESTosteson ANAStout NKOnega TWernli KZhu WSprague BLHenderson LMKerlikowske KMiglioretti DLfalseSupplemental magnetic resonance imaging plus mammography compared with magnetic resonance imaging or mammography by extent of breast density.<h4>Background</h4>Examining screening outcomes by breast density for breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with or without mammography could inform discussions about supplemental MRI in women with dense breasts.<h4>Methods</h4>We evaluated 52 237 women aged 40-79 years who underwent 2611 screening MRIs alone and 6518 supplemental MRI plus mammography pairs propensity score-matched to 65 810 screening mammograms. Rates per 1000 examinations of interval, advanced, and screen-detected early stage invasive cancers and false-positive recall and biopsy recommendation were estimated by breast density (nondense = almost entirely fatty or scattered fibroglandular densities; dense = heterogeneously/extremely dense) adjusting for registry, examination year, age, race and ethnicity, family history 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Feb2026-06-04T11:11:12.711Z2025-04-20T00:45:56.332ZS-EPMC108526043789709010.1093/jnci/djad201