biostudies-literatureMendes LAConsorcio Interuniversitario do Sistema Universitario de GaliciaMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónConsellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de GaliciaUniversidade de VigoInstituto Politécnico de LisboaH2020 Environment16725-16734https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10894160biostudies-literatureUnknown31(11)Eisenia andrei is considered in OECD and ISO guidelines to be a suitable replacement for Eisenia fetida in ecotoxicological assays. This suggests that other alternative materials and methods could also be used in standard procedures for toxicity testing. The guidelines also favor using less time-consuming procedures and reducing costs and other limitations to ecotoxicological assessments. In recent years, spent coffee grounds (SCG) have been used to produce vermicompost and biochar and as an additive to organic fertilizers. In addition, the physicochemical characteristics of SCG indicate that the material is a suitable substrate for earthworms, with the organisms performing as well as in natural soil. In the present study, a battery of ecotoxicological tests was established with unwashed aEnvironmental science and pollution research internationalSpent coffee grounds as a suitable alternative to standard soil in ecotoxicological tests.PMC10894160PID2021-124265OB-100IPL/2021/PLASCOGEN_ESTeSLED431C 2022/07TED2021-129437B-100101003954Dominguez JMendes LAfalseSpent coffee grounds as a suitable alternative to standard soil in ecotoxicological tests.Eisenia andrei is considered in OECD and ISO guidelines to be a suitable replacement for Eisenia fetida in ecotoxicological assays. This suggests that other alternative materials and methods could also be used in standard procedures for toxicity testing. The guidelines also favor using less time-consuming procedures and reducing costs and other limitations to ecotoxicological assessments. In recent years, spent coffee grounds (SCG) have been used to produce vermicompost and biochar and as an additive to organic fertilizers. In addition, the physicochemical characteristics of SCG indicate that the material is a suitable substrate for earthworms, with the organisms performing as well as in natural soil. In the present study, a battery of ecotoxicological tests was established with unwashed a2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Mar2026-07-14T21:17:56.425Z2025-04-06T00:40:02.252ZS-EPMC108941603832667810.1007/s11356-024-32297-y