biostudies-literatureRahman MMNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyNIEHS NIH HHSKaiser Permanente Southern California Direct Community Benefit FundsNational Aeronautics and Space Administration405-414https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10898516biostudies-literatureUnknown57(1)This retrospective cohort study examined associations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with prenatal exposure to major fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) components estimated using two independent exposure models. The cohort included 318 750 mother-child pairs with singleton deliveries in Kaiser Permanente Southern California hospitals from 2001 to 2014 and followed until age five. ASD cases during follow-up (<i>N</i> = 4559) were identified by ICD codes. Prenatal exposures to PM_2.5, elemental (EC) and black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), nitrate (NO₃^-), and sulfate (SO₄^2-) were constructed using (i) a source-oriented chemical transport model and (ii) a hybrid model. Exposures were assigned to each maternal address during tEnvironmental science & technologyAssociations of Autism Spectrum Disorder with PM_2.5 Components: A Comparative Study Using Two Different Exposure Models.PMC10898516R56 ES028121P30ES007048R01 ES029963R56ES028121R01ES02996380NSSC21K0508P30 ES007048RD-8358720Lin JCChow TXiang AHLewinger JPLurmann FSchwartz JRahman MMChen JCMartin RVChen ZMcConnell RCarter SAvan Donkelaar AEckel SPMartinez MPKleeman MJYu XRud DfalseAssociations of Autism Spectrum Disorder with PM_2.5 Components: A Comparative Study Using Two Different Exposure Models.This retrospective cohort study examined associations of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with prenatal exposure to major fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) components estimated using two independent exposure models. The cohort included 318 750 mother-child pairs with singleton deliveries in Kaiser Permanente Southern California hospitals from 2001 to 2014 and followed until age five. ASD cases during follow-up (<i>N</i> = 4559) were identified by ICD codes. Prenatal exposures to PM_2.5, elemental (EC) and black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), nitrate (NO₃^-), and sulfate (SO₄^2-) were constructed using (i) a source-oriented chemical transport model and (ii) a hybrid model. Exposures were assigned to each maternal address during t2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Jan2025-04-26T04:16:20.785Z2024-11-07T01:01:37.576ZS-EPMC108985163654899010.1021/acs.est.2c05197