biostudies-literatureUnknown12Xie K<h4>Background</h4>Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a worldwide disease. VDD is also associated with an increased risk of HIV-related comorbidities and mortality, and patients have a tendency to develop active tuberculosis compared to those with latent tuberculosis infection. Vitamin D supplementation may modulate HIV replication, improve TB inflammation and reduce progression of HIV-TB co-infection.<h4>Methods</h4>We meta-analyzed individual participant data from cohort studies, cross-sectional study, and RCTs of vitamin D in HIV group, TB group, and HIV-TB group. The primary outcomes were differences in vitamin D level and VDD prevalence between three groups, the secondary outcomes were CD4 count, HIV viral load, time to sputum smear conversion, time to culture conversion, relapse, morality, and TB score.<h4>Results</h4>For vitamin D levels, the overall mean difference (MD) between HIV group and TB group was -0.21 (95% CI, -20.80-20.38; <i>p</i> = 0.9, <i>I</i>² = 84%), HIV group and HIV-TB group was 0.87 (95% CI, -11.45-13.20; <i>p</i> = 0.89, <i>I</i>² = 87%), and TB group and HIV-TB group was 1.17 (95% CI, -5.21-7.55; <i>p</i> = 0.72, <i>I</i>² = 85%). For vitamin D deficiency prevalence, the overall odds ratio (OR) for HIV group versus TB group was 1.23 (95% CI, 0.46-3.31; <i>p</i> = 0.68; <i>I</i>² = 70%), HIV group versus HIV-TB group was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.03-2.29; <i>p</i> = 0.04; <i>I</i>² = 0%), and TB group versus HIV-TB group was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.61-1.20; <i>p</i> = 0.36; <i>I</i>² = 22%). In HIV-TB group, the overall OR for vitamin D group versus placebo group was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.34-1.67; <i>p</i> = 0.52; <i>I</i>² = 60%).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings indicated that there were no variations in vitamin D levels between three groups. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was higher in the HIV-TB group than in the HIV group. Additionally, the administration of vitamin D supplements did not have obvious impact on CD4 count and viral load. Likewise, vitamin D had no effect on time to sputum smear conversion, time to culture conversion, relapse, 12-month morality, and TB score.Frontiers in public health1344024https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10910524biostudies-literatureAssociation of vitamin D with HIV infected individuals, TB infected individuals, and HIV-TB co-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PMC10910524Li ZZhang TXie KZhang YZheng LZhang MJi JWang WWu HfalseAssociation of vitamin D with HIV infected individuals, TB infected individuals, and HIV-TB co-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.<h4>Background</h4>Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a worldwide disease. VDD is also associated with an increased risk of HIV-related comorbidities and mortality, and patients have a tendency to develop active tuberculosis compared to those with latent tuberculosis infection. Vitamin D supplementation may modulate HIV replication, improve TB inflammation and reduce progression of HIV-TB co-infection.<h4>Methods</h4>We meta-analyzed individual participant data from cohort studies, cross-sectional study, and RCTs of vitamin D in HIV group, TB group, and HIV-TB group. The primary outcomes were differences in vitamin D level and VDD prevalence between three groups, the secondary outcomes were CD4 count, HIV viral load, time to sputum smear conversion, time to culture conversion, relapse, morality, and TB score.<h4>Results</h4>For vitamin D levels, the overall mean difference (MD) between HIV group and TB group was -0.21 (95% CI, -20.80-20.38; <i>p</i> = 0.9, <i>I</i>² = 84%), HIV group and HIV-TB group was 0.87 (95% CI, -11.45-13.20; <i>p</i> = 0.89, <i>I</i>² = 87%), and TB group and HIV-TB group was 1.17 (95% CI, -5.21-7.55; <i>p</i> = 0.72, <i>I</i>² = 85%). For vitamin D deficiency prevalence, the overall odds ratio (OR) for HIV group versus TB group was 1.23 (95% CI, 0.46-3.31; <i>p</i> = 0.68; <i>I</i>² = 70%), HIV group versus HIV-TB group was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.03-2.29; <i>p</i> = 0.04; <i>I</i>² = 0%), and TB group versus HIV-TB group was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.61-1.20; <i>p</i> = 0.36; <i>I</i>² = 22%). In HIV-TB group, the overall OR for vitamin D group versus placebo group was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.34-1.67; <i>p</i> = 0.52; <i>I</i>² = 60%).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings indicated that there were no variations in vitamin D levels between three groups. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was higher in the HIV-TB group than in the HIV group. Additionally, the administration of vitamin D supplements did not have obvious impact on CD4 count and viral load. Likewise, vitamin D had no effect on time to sputum smear conversion, time to culture conversion, relapse, 12-month morality, and TB score.2024-01-01T00:00:00Z20242025-04-26T22:34:37.761Z2025-04-06T17:14:35.61ZS-EPMC109105243843975410.3389/fpubh.2024.1344024