{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Duan Y"],"funding":["Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province","West China Hospital, Sichuan University"],"pagination":["577-586"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10917871"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["43(3)"],"pubmed_abstract":["<h4>Background</h4>As a common complication of viral respiratory tract infection, bacterial infection was associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Determining the prevalence, culprit pathogens, outcomes, and risk factors of co-infection and secondary infection occurring in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) will be beneficial for better antibiotic management.<h4>Methods</h4>In this retrospective cohort research, we assessed clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, microbiologic results, and outcomes of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients with bacterial co-infection and secondary infection in West China Hospital from 2022 December 2nd to 2023 March 15th.<h4>Results</h4>The incidence of bacterial co-infection and secondary infection, as defined by positive culture results of clinical specimens, was 16.3% (178/1091) and 10.1% (110/1091) respectively among 1091 patients. Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas were the most commonly identified bacteria in respiratory tract samples of COVID-19 patients. In-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients with co-infection (17.4% vs 9.5%, p = 0.003) and secondary infection (28.2% vs 9.5%, p < 0.001) greatly exceeded that of COVID-19 patients without bacterial infection. Cardiovascular disease (1.847 (1.202-2.837), p = 0.005), severe COVID-19 (1.694 (1.033-2.778), p = 0.037), and critical COVID-19 (2.220 (1.196-4.121), p = 0.012) were proved to be risk factors for bacterial co-infection, while only critical COVID-19 (1.847 (1.202-2.837), p = 0.005) was closely related to secondary infection.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Bacterial co-infection and secondary infection could aggravate the disease severity and worsen clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Notably, only critical COVID-19 subtype was proved to be an independent risk factor for both co-infection and secondary infection. Therefore, standard empirical antibiotics was recommended for critically ill COVID-19 rather than all the inpatients according to our research."],"journal":["European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology"],"pubmed_title":["Risk factors, outcomes, and epidemiological and etiological study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with bacterial co-infection and secondary infections."],"pmcid":["PMC10917871"],"funding_grant_id":["2021YFS0072","ZYJC21028"],"pubmed_authors":["Li W","Hu J","Wang S","Wang J","Zhang R","Chen B","Duan Y"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Risk factors, outcomes, and epidemiological and etiological study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with bacterial co-infection and secondary infections.","description":"<h4>Background</h4>As a common complication of viral respiratory tract infection, bacterial infection was associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Determining the prevalence, culprit pathogens, outcomes, and risk factors of co-infection and secondary infection occurring in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) will be beneficial for better antibiotic management.<h4>Methods</h4>In this retrospective cohort research, we assessed clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, microbiologic results, and outcomes of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients with bacterial co-infection and secondary infection in West China Hospital from 2022 December 2nd to 2023 March 15th.<h4>Results</h4>The incidence of bacterial co-infection and secondary infection, as defined by positive culture results of clinical specimens, was 16.3% (178/1091) and 10.1% (110/1091) respectively among 1091 patients. Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas were the most commonly identified bacteria in respiratory tract samples of COVID-19 patients. In-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients with co-infection (17.4% vs 9.5%, p = 0.003) and secondary infection (28.2% vs 9.5%, p < 0.001) greatly exceeded that of COVID-19 patients without bacterial infection. Cardiovascular disease (1.847 (1.202-2.837), p = 0.005), severe COVID-19 (1.694 (1.033-2.778), p = 0.037), and critical COVID-19 (2.220 (1.196-4.121), p = 0.012) were proved to be risk factors for bacterial co-infection, while only critical COVID-19 (1.847 (1.202-2.837), p = 0.005) was closely related to secondary infection.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Bacterial co-infection and secondary infection could aggravate the disease severity and worsen clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Notably, only critical COVID-19 subtype was proved to be an independent risk factor for both co-infection and secondary infection. Therefore, standard empirical antibiotics was recommended for critically ill COVID-19 rather than all the inpatients according to our research.","dates":{"release":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2024 Mar","modification":"2026-06-12T10:10:07.665Z","creation":"2025-04-04T12:34:55.168Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC10917871","cross_references":{"pubmed":["38246947"],"doi":["10.1007/s10096-024-04755-5"]}}