{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Wu M"],"funding":["National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","Kenneth Rainin Foundation","NIAID NIH HHS","NCI NIH HHS","National Institutes of Health","NIGMS NIH HHS","NIGMS"],"pagination":["897-913.e18"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10922926"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["187(4)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Canonically, the complement system is known for its rapid response to remove microbes in the bloodstream. However, relatively little is known about a functioning complement system on intestinal mucosal surfaces. Herein, we report the local synthesis of complement component 3 (C3) in the gut, primarily by stromal cells. C3 is expressed upon commensal colonization and is regulated by the composition of the microbiota in healthy humans and mice, leading to an individual host's specific luminal C3 levels. The absence of membrane attack complex (MAC) components in the gut ensures that C3 deposition does not result in the lysis of commensals. Pathogen infection triggers the immune system to recruit neutrophils to the infection site for pathogen clearance. Basal C3 levels directly correlate with protection against enteric infection. Our study reveals the gut complement system as an innate immune mechanism acting as a vigilant sentinel that combats pathogens and spares commensals."],"journal":["Cell"],"pubmed_title":["Gut complement induced by the microbiota combats pathogens and spares commensals."],"pmcid":["PMC10922926"],"funding_grant_id":["5R01AI148273","R21 CA287104","R01 AI148273","R01 AI157106","KRA000118","R35GM124724","R37 AI018045","R35 GM124724","R01AI157106"],"pubmed_authors":["Do EA","Cho HS","Thompson C","Wu M","Hang S","Chiu IM","Kasper DL","Liu R","Zheng W","Yang D","Ilves M","Coronado D","Benoist C","Ramanan D","Moffitt JR","Mekalanos JJ","Macbeth JC","Song X","Wang Y","Andrade WA","Yang T","Gazzaniga FS","Bao B","Hsiao A"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Gut complement induced by the microbiota combats pathogens and spares commensals.","description":"Canonically, the complement system is known for its rapid response to remove microbes in the bloodstream. However, relatively little is known about a functioning complement system on intestinal mucosal surfaces. Herein, we report the local synthesis of complement component 3 (C3) in the gut, primarily by stromal cells. C3 is expressed upon commensal colonization and is regulated by the composition of the microbiota in healthy humans and mice, leading to an individual host's specific luminal C3 levels. The absence of membrane attack complex (MAC) components in the gut ensures that C3 deposition does not result in the lysis of commensals. Pathogen infection triggers the immune system to recruit neutrophils to the infection site for pathogen clearance. Basal C3 levels directly correlate with protection against enteric infection. Our study reveals the gut complement system as an innate immune mechanism acting as a vigilant sentinel that combats pathogens and spares commensals.","dates":{"release":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2024 Feb","modification":"2026-06-01T21:05:21.334Z","creation":"2025-04-20T01:50:11.38Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC10922926","cross_references":{"pubmed":["38280374"],"doi":["10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.036"]}}