biostudies-literatureYang ZNational Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)56https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10925604biostudies-literatureUnknown9(1)Adding PD-1 blockade in the neoadjuvant regimens for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) / mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) tumors is an attractive, but debatable strategy. This phase 2, multicenter, prospective, single-arm study enrolled patients from 6 centers from June 2021 to November 2022. Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC, cT_3-4aN₀M₀ and cT_1-4aN_1-2M₀) patients aged ≥18 years with the distance from distal border of tumor to anal verge ≤10 cm (identified by Magnetic Resonance Imaging) were qualified for inclusion. The patients received long-course radiotherapy (50 Gy/25 fractions, 2 Gy/fraction, 5 days/week) and three 21-day cycles capecitabine (850-1000 mg/m2, bid, po, daySignal transduction and targeted therapyEfficacy and safety of PD-1 blockade plus long-course chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (NECTAR): a multi-center phase 2 study.PMC1092560482202884Zhang JXu RChen GGao JBai ZSun YZheng JLiu YYang ZZhang ZHe WZhang XLi AHan JYao HDeng WLiu GfalseEfficacy and safety of PD-1 blockade plus long-course chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (NECTAR): a multi-center phase 2 study.Adding PD-1 blockade in the neoadjuvant regimens for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) / mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) tumors is an attractive, but debatable strategy. This phase 2, multicenter, prospective, single-arm study enrolled patients from 6 centers from June 2021 to November 2022. Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC, cT_3-4aN₀M₀ and cT_1-4aN_1-2M₀) patients aged ≥18 years with the distance from distal border of tumor to anal verge ≤10 cm (identified by Magnetic Resonance Imaging) were qualified for inclusion. The patients received long-course radiotherapy (50 Gy/25 fractions, 2 Gy/fraction, 5 days/week) and three 21-day cycles capecitabine (850-1000 mg/m2, bid, po, day2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Mar2026-06-02T11:22:20.493Z2024-11-20T19:07:24.859ZS-EPMC109256043846262910.1038/s41392-024-01762-y