biostudies-literatureWang ZNational Scientific Foundation of ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of ChinaYouth Innovation Science and Technology Program of Shandong Provincial UniversitiesNational Key Research and Development Program of ChinaTaishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province6200https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10940668biostudies-literatureUnknown14(1)Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive types of squamous cell carcinoma and represents a significant proportion of esophageal cancer. Metabolic reprogramming plays a key role in the occurrence and development of ESCC. Unsupervised clustering analysis was employed to stratify ESCC samples into three clusters: MPC1-lipid type, MPC2-amino acid type, and MPC3-energy type, based on the enrichment scores of metabolic pathways extracted from the Reactome database. The MPC3 cluster exhibited characteristics of energy metabolism, with heightened glycolysis, cofactors, and nucleotide metabolism, showing a trend toward increased aggressiveness and poorer survival rates. On the other hand, MPC1 and MPC2 primarily involved lipid and amino acid metabolism, respectively. Scientific reportsGenetic and molecular characterization of metabolic pathway-based clusters in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.PMC109406682022KJ187821027028210332281973116ZR2021QH1412021YFF120110182173591tstp20230654Yang XFang YLu MZhang TLi ZChong WZhang YZhong YChen HWang ZfalseGenetic and molecular characterization of metabolic pathway-based clusters in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive types of squamous cell carcinoma and represents a significant proportion of esophageal cancer. Metabolic reprogramming plays a key role in the occurrence and development of ESCC. Unsupervised clustering analysis was employed to stratify ESCC samples into three clusters: MPC1-lipid type, MPC2-amino acid type, and MPC3-energy type, based on the enrichment scores of metabolic pathways extracted from the Reactome database. The MPC3 cluster exhibited characteristics of energy metabolism, with heightened glycolysis, cofactors, and nucleotide metabolism, showing a trend toward increased aggressiveness and poorer survival rates. On the other hand, MPC1 and MPC2 primarily involved lipid and amino acid metabolism, respectively. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Mar2026-07-15T07:58:38.204Z2026-07-01T03:12:02.104ZS-EPMC109406683848602610.1038/s41598-024-56391-w