biostudies-literatureShutt RRCHorizon 2020 Framework ProgrammeRoyal SocietyEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Councile202301232https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10947263biostudies-literatureUnknown29(55)Black phosphorene quantum dots (BPQDs) are most commonly derived from high-cost black phosphorus, while previous syntheses from the low-cost red phosphorus (P_red ) allotrope are highly oxidised. Herein, we present an intrinsically scalable method to produce high quality BPQDs, by first ball-milling P_red to create nanocrystalline P_black and subsequent reductive etching using lithium electride solvated in liquid ammonia. The resultant ~25 nm BPQDs are crystalline with low oxygen content, and spontaneously soluble as individualized monolayers in tertiary amide solvents, as directly imaged by liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy. This new method presents a scalable route to producing quantities of high quality BPQDs for academic and industrial applications.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)Synthesis of Black Phosphorene Quantum Dots from Red Phosphorus.PMC10947263861153EP/S023259/1EP/R513143/1URF\R1\221476, RF\ERE\221017Wibowo AAIng GStylianidis EIngle RAShutt RRCClancy AJHoward CARamireddy TDi Mino CStewart ANguyen HTGlushenkov AMfalseSynthesis of Black Phosphorene Quantum Dots from Red Phosphorus.Black phosphorene quantum dots (BPQDs) are most commonly derived from high-cost black phosphorus, while previous syntheses from the low-cost red phosphorus (P_red ) allotrope are highly oxidised. Herein, we present an intrinsically scalable method to produce high quality BPQDs, by first ball-milling P_red to create nanocrystalline P_black and subsequent reductive etching using lithium electride solvated in liquid ammonia. The resultant ~25 nm BPQDs are crystalline with low oxygen content, and spontaneously soluble as individualized monolayers in tertiary amide solvents, as directly imaged by liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy. This new method presents a scalable route to producing quantities of high quality BPQDs for academic and industrial applications.2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Oct2025-04-20T02:47:42.009Z2025-02-19T03:08:13.923ZS-EPMC109472633743590710.1002/chem.202301232