biostudies-literatureOlson KNCRR NIH HHSNIDDK NIH HHSNIA NIH HHS717-724https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10947953biostudies-literatureUnknown56(4)<h4>Introduction/purpose</h4>Lower cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity may accelerate aging processes. The degree to which changes in fitness and body mass index (BMI) may alter the rate of aging may be important for planning treatment. We assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal associations that cardiorespiratory fitness and BMI had with a deficit accumulation frailty index (FI).<h4>Methods</h4>Fitness, based on standardized graded exercise tests, and weight to calculate BMI at baseline and year 4 were collected from 3944 participants aged 45-76 yr in the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) randomized controlled clinical trial. A validated 38-item deficit accumulation FI was used as a marker of aging. Associations between baseline and changes in fitness and BMI with changes in FI were assessed using linear models.<h4>Results</h4>Both baseline and 4-yr changes in fitness and BMI were independently associated with 4-yr changes in frailty (all P < 0.001). Mean (95% confidence interval) changes in FI ranged from -0.019 (-0.024, -0.013) for participants in the group with the greatest fitness increase and BMI loss to 0.029 (0.024, 0.034) for participants in the group with the greatest fitness loss and BMI gain. Associations of 4-yr changes in fitness and BMI with FI changes were similar across subgroups based on age, sex, baseline BMI, diabetes duration, and cardiovascular disease history. Increased fitness across 4 yr was associated with less FI accumulation independent of baseline fitness.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity may slow aging processes captured by an FI by increasing their cardiorespiratory fitness and losing weight.Medicine and science in sports and exerciseAssociations that Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Mass Index Loss Have with Deficit Accumulation Frailty.PMC10947953U01 DK057182K23 DK124578M01 RR001346P30 DK046204U01 DK056992U01 DK056990U01 DK057002M01 RR000056U01 DK057008UL1 RR024153U01 DK057149U01 DK057171U01 DK057131U01 DK057154U01 DK057151U01 AG073697P30 AG049638U01 DK057219R01 AG058571U01 DK057135U01 DK057136U01 DK057078U01 DK057177U01 DK057178P30 AG072947Olson KWalkup MPHouston DKSimpson FRYang MRoss JEspeland MAPandey AWing RRfalseAssociations that Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Mass Index Loss Have with Deficit Accumulation Frailty.<h4>Introduction/purpose</h4>Lower cardiorespiratory fitness and obesity may accelerate aging processes. The degree to which changes in fitness and body mass index (BMI) may alter the rate of aging may be important for planning treatment. We assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal associations that cardiorespiratory fitness and BMI had with a deficit accumulation frailty index (FI).<h4>Methods</h4>Fitness, based on standardized graded exercise tests, and weight to calculate BMI at baseline and year 4 were collected from 3944 participants aged 45-76 yr in the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) randomized controlled clinical trial. A validated 38-item deficit accumulation FI was used as a marker of aging. Associations between baseline and changes in fitness and BMI with changes in FI were assessed using linear models.<h4>Results</h4>Both baseline and 4-yr changes in fitness and BMI were independently associated with 4-yr changes in frailty (all P < 0.001). Mean (95% confidence interval) changes in FI ranged from -0.019 (-0.024, -0.013) for participants in the group with the greatest fitness increase and BMI loss to 0.029 (0.024, 0.034) for participants in the group with the greatest fitness loss and BMI gain. Associations of 4-yr changes in fitness and BMI with FI changes were similar across subgroups based on age, sex, baseline BMI, diabetes duration, and cardiovascular disease history. Increased fitness across 4 yr was associated with less FI accumulation independent of baseline fitness.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity may slow aging processes captured by an FI by increasing their cardiorespiratory fitness and losing weight.2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Apr2025-06-25T03:04:12.083Z2025-06-25T03:04:12.083ZS-EPMC109479533805104110.1249/MSS.000000000000335310.1249/mss.0000000000003353