{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Stier EA"],"funding":["AIDS Malignancy Consortium","NCATS NIH HHS","NCI NIH HHS","National Institutes of Health","NIH HHS"],"pagination":["681-689"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10954341"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["78(3)"],"pubmed_abstract":["<h4>Background</h4>Detection and treatment of anal histologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (hHSIL) prevents anal cancer. However, anal hHSIL incidence among women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, WHIV) remains unknown. Performance of anal high-risk human papillomavirus ([hr]HPV), anal cytology (anal-cyt), and both for hHSIL detection longitudinally over 2 years also remains undetermined.<h4>Methods</h4>We determined 2-year incidence and cumulative risk estimates (2-y-CR) of anal hHSIL among WHIV using prevalence and incidence (per 100 person-years [py]) observations stratified by baseline hrHPV and/or anal-cyt results.<h4>Results</h4>In total, 229 WHIV with complete baseline data were included in the analysis; 114 women without prevalent anal hHSIL were followed with 2 annual evaluations. Median age was 51, 63% were Black, and 23% were Hispanic. Anal hrHPV or abnormal anal-cyt was associated with an increased risk of incident anal hHSIL at 2 years (18.9/100py [95% confidence interval {CI} 11.4-31.3] and 13.4/100py [95% CI 8.0-22.7], respectively) compared with no detection of anal HPV or negative cytology (2.8/100py [95% CI 1.1-7.4] and 4.2 [95% CI, 1.8-10.2]) The presence of anal hrHPV with abnormal cytology was associated with 2-y-CR of anal hHSIL of 65.6% (95% CI 55.4%-75%); negative hrHPV with negative cytology was associated with 2-y-CR of anal hHSIL of 9.2% (95% CI 7.0-16.0).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Detection of anal hrHPV or abnormal anal cytology are comparable predictors for 2-y-CR of anal hHSIL. The absence of anal hrHPV combined with negative cytology was predictive of a lower (but measurable) risk of developing anal hHSIL. These findings provide important data to inform anal cancer screening guidelines for WHIV."],"journal":["Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America"],"pubmed_title":["Two-Year Incidence and Cumulative Risk and Predictors of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (Anal Precancer) Among Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus."],"pmcid":["PMC10954341"],"funding_grant_id":["UL1 TR002384","U01 CA121947","CA163103","R01 CA163103","U54 CA242646","UM1 CA121947","UM1CA121947","UM1 TR004400","U54CA242646"],"pubmed_authors":["Rezaei MK","Stier EA","Einstein MH","Jain M","Lee J","Darragh TM","Joshi H","Palefsky JM","Guiot HM","Jay N","Berry-Lawhorn JM","Levine R","Ellsworth G","Barroso LF","Deshmukh AA","French AL","Chiao E","Wilkin T"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Two-Year Incidence and Cumulative Risk and Predictors of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (Anal Precancer) Among Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.","description":"<h4>Background</h4>Detection and treatment of anal histologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (hHSIL) prevents anal cancer. However, anal hHSIL incidence among women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, WHIV) remains unknown. Performance of anal high-risk human papillomavirus ([hr]HPV), anal cytology (anal-cyt), and both for hHSIL detection longitudinally over 2 years also remains undetermined.<h4>Methods</h4>We determined 2-year incidence and cumulative risk estimates (2-y-CR) of anal hHSIL among WHIV using prevalence and incidence (per 100 person-years [py]) observations stratified by baseline hrHPV and/or anal-cyt results.<h4>Results</h4>In total, 229 WHIV with complete baseline data were included in the analysis; 114 women without prevalent anal hHSIL were followed with 2 annual evaluations. Median age was 51, 63% were Black, and 23% were Hispanic. Anal hrHPV or abnormal anal-cyt was associated with an increased risk of incident anal hHSIL at 2 years (18.9/100py [95% confidence interval {CI} 11.4-31.3] and 13.4/100py [95% CI 8.0-22.7], respectively) compared with no detection of anal HPV or negative cytology (2.8/100py [95% CI 1.1-7.4] and 4.2 [95% CI, 1.8-10.2]) The presence of anal hrHPV with abnormal cytology was associated with 2-y-CR of anal hHSIL of 65.6% (95% CI 55.4%-75%); negative hrHPV with negative cytology was associated with 2-y-CR of anal hHSIL of 9.2% (95% CI 7.0-16.0).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Detection of anal hrHPV or abnormal anal cytology are comparable predictors for 2-y-CR of anal hHSIL. The absence of anal hrHPV combined with negative cytology was predictive of a lower (but measurable) risk of developing anal hHSIL. These findings provide important data to inform anal cancer screening guidelines for WHIV.","dates":{"release":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2024 Mar","modification":"2026-06-09T07:16:07.009Z","creation":"2025-04-04T02:54:12.071Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC10954341","cross_references":{"pubmed":["37805952"],"doi":["10.1093/cid/ciad614"]}}