biostudies-literatureLi YNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)311https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10960847biostudies-literatureUnknown11(1)The pig-nosed turtle (Carettochelys insculpta) represents the only extant species within the Carettochelyidae family, is a unique Trionychia member fully adapted to aquatic life and currently facing endangerment. To enhance our understanding of this species and contribute to its conservation efforts, we employed high-fidelity (HiFi) and Hi-C sequencing technology to generate its genome assembly at the chromosome level. The assembly result spans 2.18 Gb, with a contig N50 of 126 Mb, encompassing 34 chromosomes that account for 99.6% of the genome. The assembly has a BUSCO score above 95% with different databases and strong collinearity with Yangtze giant softshell turtles (Rafetus swinhoei), indicating its completeness and continuity. A total of 19,175 genes and 46.86% repetitive sequences were annotated. The availability of this chromosome-scale genome represents a valuable resource for the pig-nosed turtle, providing insights into its aquatic adaptation and serving as a foundation for future turtle research.Scientific dataA chromosome-level genome assembly of the pig-nosed turtle (Carettochelys insculpta).PMC10960847321220213222500932370452Liu YZheng JLi YQiu QWu BCui XXu WWang KZhu CfalseA chromosome-level genome assembly of the pig-nosed turtle (Carettochelys insculpta).The pig-nosed turtle (Carettochelys insculpta) represents the only extant species within the Carettochelyidae family, is a unique Trionychia member fully adapted to aquatic life and currently facing endangerment. To enhance our understanding of this species and contribute to its conservation efforts, we employed high-fidelity (HiFi) and Hi-C sequencing technology to generate its genome assembly at the chromosome level. The assembly result spans 2.18 Gb, with a contig N50 of 126 Mb, encompassing 34 chromosomes that account for 99.6% of the genome. The assembly has a BUSCO score above 95% with different databases and strong collinearity with Yangtze giant softshell turtles (Rafetus swinhoei), indicating its completeness and continuity. A total of 19,175 genes and 46.86% repetitive sequences were annotated. The availability of this chromosome-scale genome represents a valuable resource for the pig-nosed turtle, providing insights into its aquatic adaptation and serving as a foundation for future turtle research.2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Mar2025-04-19T05:52:21.77Z2025-04-19T05:52:21.77ZS-EPMC109608473852179510.1038/s41597-024-03157-8