biostudies-literatureOlczak TNarodowe Centrum NaukiNarodowe Centrum Nauki (NCN)Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Councile0013123https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC10966948biostudies-literatureUnknown88(1)<h4>Summary</h4>Heme (iron protoporphyrin IX, FePPIX) is the main source of iron and PPIX for host-associated pathogenic bacteria, including members of the Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) phylum. <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, a keystone oral pathogen, uses a unique heme uptake (Hmu) system, comprising a hemophore-like protein, designated as the first member of the novel HmuY family. Compared to classical, secreted hemophores utilized by Gram-negative bacteria or near-iron transporter domain-based hemophores utilized by Gram-positive bacteria, the HmuY family comprises structurally similar proteins that have undergone diversification during evolution. The best characterized are <i>P. gingivalis</i> HmuY and its homologs from <i>Tannerella forsythia</i> (Tfo), <i>Prevotella intermedMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBRHemophore-like proteins of the HmuY family in the oral and gut microbiome: unraveling the mystery of their evolution.PMC109669482015/17/B/NZ6/019692019/33/B/NZ6/002922021/41/B/NZ6/007022016/23/B/NZ6/00080BB/R000220/12014/15/B/NZ6/01723Olczak TAntonyuk SVSmalley JWSmiga MfalseHemophore-like proteins of the HmuY family in the oral and gut microbiome: unraveling the mystery of their evolution.<h4>Summary</h4>Heme (iron protoporphyrin IX, FePPIX) is the main source of iron and PPIX for host-associated pathogenic bacteria, including members of the Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) phylum. <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, a keystone oral pathogen, uses a unique heme uptake (Hmu) system, comprising a hemophore-like protein, designated as the first member of the novel HmuY family. Compared to classical, secreted hemophores utilized by Gram-negative bacteria or near-iron transporter domain-based hemophores utilized by Gram-positive bacteria, the HmuY family comprises structurally similar proteins that have undergone diversification during evolution. The best characterized are <i>P. gingivalis</i> HmuY and its homologs from <i>Tannerella forsythia</i> (Tfo), <i>Prevotella intermed2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Mar2025-04-21T21:30:08.134Z2025-04-05T18:21:18.18ZS-EPMC109669483830574310.1128/mmbr.00131-23