biostudies-literatureUnknown5(4)Hollands CGDespite most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients entering remission following chemotherapy, outcomes remain poor due to surviving leukemic cells that contribute to relapse. The nature of these enduring cells is poorly understood. Here, through temporal single-cell transcriptomic characterization of AML hierarchical regeneration in response to chemotherapy, we reveal a cell population: AML regeneration enriched cells (RECs). RECs are defined by CD74/CD68 expression, and although derived from leukemic stem cells (LSCs), are devoid of stem/progenitor capacity. Based on REC in situ proximity to CD34-expressing cells identified using spatial transcriptomics on AML patient bone marrow samples, RECs demonstrate the ability to augment or reduce leukemic regeneration in vivo based on transfusion Cell reports. Medicine101485https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11031376biostudies-literatureIdentification of cells of leukemic stem cell origin with non-canonical regenerative properties.PMC11031376Kalau OReid JCJohnson PBerg TElRafie ABoylan DGarcia-Horton AHollands CGBoyd ALZhao XBhatia MXenocostas AFoley RBroder EHenly CMcNicol JCampbell CTrus MMark ALeber BfalseIdentification of cells of leukemic stem cell origin with non-canonical regenerative properties.Despite most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients entering remission following chemotherapy, outcomes remain poor due to surviving leukemic cells that contribute to relapse. The nature of these enduring cells is poorly understood. Here, through temporal single-cell transcriptomic characterization of AML hierarchical regeneration in response to chemotherapy, we reveal a cell population: AML regeneration enriched cells (RECs). RECs are defined by CD74/CD68 expression, and although derived from leukemic stem cells (LSCs), are devoid of stem/progenitor capacity. Based on REC in situ proximity to CD34-expressing cells identified using spatial transcriptomics on AML patient bone marrow samples, RECs demonstrate the ability to augment or reduce leukemic regeneration in vivo based on transfusion 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Apr2026-05-29T10:33:06.119Z2026-04-08T04:28:17.959ZS-EPMC110313763858208610.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101485