biostudies-literatureUnknown14(1)Khayer NChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by persistent nasal and sinus mucosa inflammation. Despite significant morbidity and decreased quality of life, there are limited effective treatment options for such a disease. Therefore, identifying causal genes and dysregulated pathways paves the way for novel therapeutic interventions. In the current study, a three-way interaction approach was used to detect dynamic co-expression interactions involved in CRSwNP. In this approach, the internal evolution of the co-expression relation between a pair of genes (X, Y) was captured under a change in the expression profile of a third gene (Z), named the switch gene. Subsequently, the biological relevancy of the statistically significant triplets was cScientific reports9722https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11055867biostudies-literatureS100a9 might act as a modulator of the Toll-like receptor 4 transduction pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.PMC11055867Jalessi MAzad ZFarhadi MKhayer NfalseS100a9 might act as a modulator of the Toll-like receptor 4 transduction pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by persistent nasal and sinus mucosa inflammation. Despite significant morbidity and decreased quality of life, there are limited effective treatment options for such a disease. Therefore, identifying causal genes and dysregulated pathways paves the way for novel therapeutic interventions. In the current study, a three-way interaction approach was used to detect dynamic co-expression interactions involved in CRSwNP. In this approach, the internal evolution of the co-expression relation between a pair of genes (X, Y) was captured under a change in the expression profile of a third gene (Z), named the switch gene. Subsequently, the biological relevancy of the statistically significant triplets was c2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Apr2026-05-29T12:36:40.174Z2026-04-08T04:51:14.244ZS-EPMC110558673867813810.1038/s41598-024-60205-4