biostudies-literatureUnknown103Messina NLSwiss National Science FoundationNHMRCBill and Melinda Gates FoundationThe Royal Children&apos;s Hospital Foundation<h4>Background</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic led to the rapid development and deployment of several highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Recent studies suggest that these vaccines may also have off-target effects on the immune system. We sought to determine and compare the off-target effects of the adenovirus vector ChAdOx1-S (Oxford-AstraZeneca) and modified mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccines on immune responses to unrelated pathogens.<h4>Methods</h4>Prospective sub-study within the BRACE trial. Blood samples were collected from 284 healthcare workers before and 28 days after ChAdOx1-S or BNT162b2 vaccination. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were measured using ELISA, and whole blood cytokine responses to specific (SARS-CoV-2) and unrelated pathogen stimulation were measured by EBioMedicine105100https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11058726biostudies-literatureSpecific and off-target immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 vaccines-an exploratory sub-study of the BRACE trial.PMC11058726Young APelayo LShave MDawe PGardiner KDouglas MAl-Hindawi YRodrigues Lvan der Waal MGardiner EPlit MGlenn PGladanac BHerrmann SManning LWalker MMeek BVidmar SMojeed JCorrea E Castro GRomme JBarros DOever JTSerna AWee-Hee AFernandes IRBaulman TRodrigues BJimenez VPBergant NSantos EBennett-Wood VSondag TSantos DKaynes AMeehan AKeeble TFletcher ERamirez de Arellano EBartlett AHassing RJBrizuela ROliveira MGValero OMoreno EFreitas TSantos TRoescher NLieschke KMiller SCristine de Moraes Dos Santos VLalich DLynn DJRhodes SPaiva Romano JVWedderburn JHinojosa DDang TJenkins NDolores Del Toro Lopez MVerheij HOppedisano Fda Costa Silva RGarcia Meireless Junior PLRosell APlacido Pereira RMMead LRijen MMLMVHuijbens DCheah JSilva De Freitas MLJanssen AQuinn LMarins AEastwood OBarry SHuijs LWadia UDominguez JLima ASterling KSilva DDSSymons LOnysk JArroyo SFEdler PMarti CBRichmond PAmenyogbe NMolina BWaring JAbreu CFowler SMessina NLBahaduri TMolina GDunn RCarlin JSalmon APorcuna TPMezzetti ICarter CSperotto MGGarcia PBBrophy CWinder RHilton SLa NEden GSpotswood JFilius MCatterick HPerrett KPCampos Angelo JTGamage DAlmeida da Silveira SSharma KNascimento ERodriguez-Bano JGifford ASpry LJunior JNavarrete NBeardsley JLemmens TDe Floy APKluytmans JJarvis LDunn ABesten HOMa NStevens LErkaya IStevens NElborough HO'Bryan JGhieh RPerez CFouracre LJorge LPerez GHeath CArnold AWebber-Rookes DOoi IMcMullan BKrieg MLatorre IOng BLeopoldina Meireles BTHilton ZLatkovic EBonnici RPrado CMartin CVasconcelos HAnderson JMaria da Silva Passos de Carvalho AStevens ADao 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AJamieson TRichards CHannan MGouy CTeo JWWarris AKakkos AVelagapudi SEdmund HGrubor-Bauk BBRACE trialTristan EBitencourt de Andrade CFernandes da Silva EBarrera LGomes-Silva ALagunday RQueiroz ESantos GDNetea MDutra Escobar RCBannister SStone SLopes Dos Santos KBlake SSimao MMarshall HAli RPreijers LOlivo de Mendonca LMMaia BCastellano ADOlivier NCollopy SSCrawford NCalbo EBoersma WOsman HDesylva MWilliams FGama LJames JVal FWarszawski de Oliveira KRHartnell LSantos AGGibbons MDe La Cruz KChern TYBonten MLuiz da Rocha JTripp HHall LWatkins DSubbarao KHall RAndrade PHFahey KGibson CSilva JCuadra MGRico CGOtsuka ACroda JGwee AArrowsmith BPrat-Aymerich CLahdo SMatos LSPon RVlahos ARatcliffe SSkut PEngland MWilliams PSilva EPost JHamilton KBrakke KMCorbett MNicol KHeine RTCain NPretti Dalcolmo MMPalasanthiran PClement Espindola MAFarinas Alvarez MCKollmann THenare NDa-Cruz AMPereira GKoopmans MAHvan Mook LSastry AMunns CMotta FDCWall KKloeg PNicholson SPereira HVenton TMilojevic EStadhouders KCobbledick APano TRde Jesus Costa MNeves JAlcoforado da Silva Dos Santos ABealing MPranger EMcDonald EAgius SMcDonald FNoonan FRiele MTGreven FFirth SHill ECapella AGPerrett KOverton KBenson SCushnahan JEvans SRudraraju RFlynn LLencina JDSRol Ade Oliveira AFlynn CBrasil LVieira de Oliveira MCzajko ADunnill JMedeiros TRefosco Barbosa AAJones JJones KBarnes APitkin SPereira da Silva PCPrudencio Soares ACLim Rvan den Bijllaardt WCamesella BToh RSilva Menezes Arruda BMWallace RMoraes MPeeters RHarbech HBoon AO'Callaghan SMarkow AMorawakage THernandez APOliveira TSooriyarachchi EPaternotte NGoncalvez de Araujo Arcanjo GBell JMendonca Teixeira de Siqueira MAVieira Batista FZMolenaar-Groot KMoore JKrastev AWatts ERocha da Silva PVMoorlag SSouza da Rosa THMoore CO'Donnell MO'Donnell LBurns ALim KMoss JLegge DLacerda MOliveira IJardim BVieira da Silva PJoyce Rde Cassia Batista RMcPhate NStudham JPittet LFWesselingh SMazarakis NLucas MSilva Muranaka LBChan JBurrell EPalomares ETMcMillan MNewman GJardim TSartim AMartin Gutierrez ABDavies PWolters BNorton WPereira Diogo RCRios Villegas MJVidal SClark SCarretero JMGoncalves MPSepter-Bijleveld EMachingaifa FThomson HMcAlister SMaia IRLee KAbruzzo VAyala WERayner VBarriocanal AZhou CGoodall COrtika BRamos CVde Morais Batista FFernandez MMoyle WFerreira KCalderon IPRamos Pde Souza DLeopoldina Dos Santos DSGisolf JBuchanan SElia SMoreira DQElkington OTaks EPell CHollams ELee WBarbosa FBLeurink TAzzopardi KJennings EOdoi SHuang HWearing-Smith MMelo RGerhardt de Oliveira Ferreira ACampos DGManton SGarces ACXie IKandasamy RFortunato ALBarriocanal AMGoikoetxea JWang XKarunanayake APoderos TGTan NPittet LCavalcanti Goncalves LGGoodchild LBotten RSoares CGriffith LTruelove AO'Connell ADoran CStiglmayer LMcAnew AEiffler NAddlem LBlauwendraat KBourke ASudbury EPower CCroda MGHua JRogers SSherry BWhale BDias de Oliveira RSchultz NNgien BRamos Vieira HMFigueiredo PJoshi SKorman TMessina NBucholc JEllinghaus ANguyen TFigueiredo LRvan Leusen JFurtado ACCompagnone RAlmeida KMTeodoro de Lima GMartins da Costa Carvalho ENguyen JAlves da Cruz LHarding AAlves Dos Santos Gomes DCampbell JCranston TPerlen SMacalister STsuha DKirkwood JDias MSacca DDias JfalseSpecific and off-target immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 vaccines-an exploratory sub-study of the BRACE trial.<h4>Background</h4>The COVID-19 pandemic led to the rapid development and deployment of several highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Recent studies suggest that these vaccines may also have off-target effects on the immune system. We sought to determine and compare the off-target effects of the adenovirus vector ChAdOx1-S (Oxford-AstraZeneca) and modified mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccines on immune responses to unrelated pathogens.<h4>Methods</h4>Prospective sub-study within the BRACE trial. Blood samples were collected from 284 healthcare workers before and 28 days after ChAdOx1-S or BNT162b2 vaccination. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were measured using ELISA, and whole blood cytokine responses to specific (SARS-CoV-2) and unrelated pathogen stimulation were measured by 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 May2026-06-02T08:55:39.712Z2026-04-16T03:12:56.178ZS-EPMC110587263866335510.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105100