{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"omics_type":["Unknown"],"submitter":["Castellano M"],"funding":["NCI NIH HHS"],"pubmed_abstract":["The plasma membrane and the membrane of endosomal vesicles are considered physical barriers preventing extracellular RNA uptake. While naked RNA can be spontaneously internalized by certain cells types, functional delivery of naked RNA into the cytosol has been rarely observed. Here we show that extracellular ribonucleases, mainly derived from cell culture supplements, have so far hindered the study of extracellular RNA functionality. In the presence of active ribonuclease inhibitors (RI), naked bacterial RNA is pro-inflammatory when spiked in the media of dendritic cells and macrophages. In murine cells, this response mainly depends on the action of endosomal Toll-like receptors. However, we also show that naked RNA can perform endosomal escape and engage with cytosolic RNA sensors and ri"],"journal":["bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology"],"pagination":["2024.04.23.590771"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11071435"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"pubmed_title":["Ribonuclease activity undermines immune sensing of naked extracellular RNA."],"pmcid":["PMC11071435"],"funding_grant_id":["R21 CA263424","UH3 CA241694"],"pubmed_authors":["Costa B","Segovia M","Tosar JP","Cayota A","Blanco V","Hill M","Castellano M","Calzi ML","Witwer K"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"Ribonuclease activity undermines immune sensing of naked extracellular RNA.","description":"The plasma membrane and the membrane of endosomal vesicles are considered physical barriers preventing extracellular RNA uptake. While naked RNA can be spontaneously internalized by certain cells types, functional delivery of naked RNA into the cytosol has been rarely observed. Here we show that extracellular ribonucleases, mainly derived from cell culture supplements, have so far hindered the study of extracellular RNA functionality. In the presence of active ribonuclease inhibitors (RI), naked bacterial RNA is pro-inflammatory when spiked in the media of dendritic cells and macrophages. In murine cells, this response mainly depends on the action of endosomal Toll-like receptors. However, we also show that naked RNA can perform endosomal escape and engage with cytosolic RNA sensors and ri","dates":{"release":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2024 Apr","modification":"2026-04-25T03:24:13.831Z","creation":"2026-04-25T03:21:55.282Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC11071435","cross_references":{"pubmed":["38712104"],"doi":["10.1101/2024.04.23.590771"]}}