biostudies-literatureNguyen NHNIA NIH HHSOregon Health and Science UniversityNIMH NIH HHSNational Institute of Mental HealthNINDS NIH HHSNIAMS NIH HHSe32964https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11076170biostudies-literatureUnknown195(4)The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative was established by the US National Institute of Mental Health as a multilevel, disorder-agnostic framework for analysis of human psychopathology through designated domains and constructs, including the "Positive Valence Systems" domain focused on reward-related behavior. This study investigates the reward valuation subconstruct of "effort" and its association with genetic markers, functional neurobiological pathways, and polygenic risk scores for psychopathology in 1215 children aged 6-12 and their parents (n = 1044). All participants completed the effort expenditure for rewards task (EEfRT), which assesses "effort" according to two quantitative measures: hard-task choice and reward sensitivity. Genetic association analyses were undertaken in American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric GeneticsNovel genome-wide associations for effort valuation and psychopathology in children and adults.PMC11076170U01AR076092‐01A1R01 AG054002R21MH126494R01AG064955R21 MH1264941R21MH1264940R01MH116037R01 MH101519R01MH101519R01 NS128535R01AG054002R01 MH1160371R01NS128535 – 01U01AR076092-01A11R01NS128535 - 01U01 AR076092R01 AG064955Fremont WPMazza TMHess JLBlatt SDAlbert ABElfstrom SGlatt SJForken PNguyen NHFaraone SVfalseNovel genome-wide associations for effort valuation and psychopathology in children and adults.The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative was established by the US National Institute of Mental Health as a multilevel, disorder-agnostic framework for analysis of human psychopathology through designated domains and constructs, including the "Positive Valence Systems" domain focused on reward-related behavior. This study investigates the reward valuation subconstruct of "effort" and its association with genetic markers, functional neurobiological pathways, and polygenic risk scores for psychopathology in 1215 children aged 6-12 and their parents (n = 1044). All participants completed the effort expenditure for rewards task (EEfRT), which assesses "effort" according to two quantitative measures: hard-task choice and reward sensitivity. Genetic association analyses were undertaken in 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Jun2026-06-01T11:48:05.46Z2026-04-08T11:56:07.777ZS-EPMC110761703795338810.1002/ajmg.b.32964