{"database":"biostudies-literature","file_versions":[],"scores":null,"additional":{"submitter":["Elder JJH"],"funding":["National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","Intramural NIH HHS","National Institutes of Health","National Institute of General Medical Sciences","NIGMS NIH HHS"],"pagination":["511-525"],"full_dataset_link":["https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11152995"],"repository":["biostudies-literature"],"omics_type":["Unknown"],"volume":["40(6)"],"pubmed_abstract":["Ribonucleases (RNases) play important roles in supporting canonical and non-canonical roles of tRNAs by catalyzing the cleavage of the tRNA phosphodiester backbone. Here, we highlight how recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), protein structure prediction, reconstitution experiments, tRNA sequencing, and other studies have revealed new insight into the nucleases that process tRNA. This represents a very diverse group of nucleases that utilize distinct mechanisms to recognize and cleave tRNA during different stages of a tRNA's life cycle including biogenesis, fragmentation, surveillance, and decay. In this review, we provide a synthesis of the structure, mechanism, regulation, and modes of tRNA recognition by tRNA nucleases, along with open questions for future investigation"],"journal":["Trends in genetics : TIG"],"pubmed_title":["The making and breaking of tRNAs by ribonucleases."],"pmcid":["PMC11152995"],"funding_grant_id":["ZIA ES103247","R00 GM143534","R00GM143534"],"pubmed_authors":["Stanley RE","Hayne CK","Papadopoulos R","Elder JJH"],"additional_accession":[]},"is_claimable":false,"name":"The making and breaking of tRNAs by ribonucleases.","description":"Ribonucleases (RNases) play important roles in supporting canonical and non-canonical roles of tRNAs by catalyzing the cleavage of the tRNA phosphodiester backbone. Here, we highlight how recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), protein structure prediction, reconstitution experiments, tRNA sequencing, and other studies have revealed new insight into the nucleases that process tRNA. This represents a very diverse group of nucleases that utilize distinct mechanisms to recognize and cleave tRNA during different stages of a tRNA's life cycle including biogenesis, fragmentation, surveillance, and decay. In this review, we provide a synthesis of the structure, mechanism, regulation, and modes of tRNA recognition by tRNA nucleases, along with open questions for future investigation","dates":{"release":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"2024 Jun","modification":"2026-06-03T07:33:30.919Z","creation":"2026-04-26T03:09:46.515Z"},"accession":"S-EPMC11152995","cross_references":{"pubmed":["38641471"],"doi":["10.1016/j.tig.2024.03.007"]}}