biostudies-literatureAggarwal NRNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNIAID NIH HHSNHLBI NIH HHSNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteUniversity of MinnesotaNational Cancer InstituteNCI NIH HHSNational Institutes of HealthNIH HHS1490-1503https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11175705biostudies-literatureUnknown78(6)<h4>Background</h4>Persistent mortality in adults hospitalized due to acute COVID-19 justifies pursuit of disease mechanisms and potential therapies. The aim was to evaluate which virus and host response factors were associated with mortality risk among participants in Therapeutics for Inpatients with COVID-19 (TICO/ACTIV-3) trials.<h4>Methods</h4>A secondary analysis of 2625 adults hospitalized for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection randomized to 1 of 5 antiviral products or matched placebo in 114 centers on 4 continents. Uniform, site-level collection of participant baseline clinical variables was performed. Research laboratories assayed baseline upper respiratory swabs for SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA and plasma for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen (viral Ag), and interleukinClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of AmericaViral and Host Factors Are Associated With Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19.PMC11175705U01 HL088942U01-AI13678075N91019D00024OT2 HL15681275N91020F000391OT2HL156812UM1 HL088925U01 AI136780Estrada LWhitacre HParmar MKBFresnedo MIsip TKKLane KWest EMistry SSChang CCSanchez MDLPastor EPillai APrekker MHeysu RGStottlemyer AThornton KSantana JBroussard SFrary SBarros ASelvamuthu PMcKaig BCesarini RHorcajada JPSierra MPSmith DMSebudde NMargolis DHough CLHouston JAmaro FOikonomopoulo CChoi-Kuaea YAugenbraun MLynam DKidega RImamichi TKambo AHoward DCao HChi AHarper RSoler RMCMuttamba WSturgis LMoroney KNajjar RKwehayo VSantos MBussadori BNalubwama RNOgavu JWald-Dickler NAthanasiou KLematty 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NGundel SJLe KBrower RGMartinkovic JBettacchi CBrooks MBoone DLukaakome JAlvarez MSKrogulec DDraghia-Akli RSohail MRSittler DNekach HKoulouris NGDaar EGerstoft JTrautner BWRobinson BHMarkowitz NMathews MThammavong JMiddleton EAHindoyan NABisnauthsing KIsaac GTabler SRoller BLaverdure SHughes AREnfield KBMozaffari AGiebeig LScaffidi DRodriguez VBelloc CGMalin JJMoss MAIgnatowska ABolstad MRobinson PVekstein AMGermann HHSalgado CMore HFaulhaber JGropper RPaciorek MWaters MMcBride MBrown KMorin HDRoque JDeVries MRobinson DBrown SSkelton PDouglas INarang RBelloso WKasubhai MDer TRoads TMiller MASarveswaran SMotta MTaire PBouquet JHerc EValentini RNBienkowski CDuven AMMerril MQuillin KMolina-Morant DNgo LMcKernan KLumpkin JChen PELeicht VHSPasha SNDelor JDillon LLundgren JWalker KMathewson SRamierez NMorris PEMbabazi QLGarman KNewton CSchelle BGarner DMackedanz SMiller LMiller MPerin EZuckerman RANyatsatsang STWallick JATuohy PANabaggala PKMiller JSanchez RMTidswell MATurner ECothran 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JKitonsa JRamgi PPedersen LHernandez NRomero CHernandez RSchmelzer ADamstetter PPedersen DMcGraw WBerhe MAmosu OHibbert KAKyriakoulis KBayoumi EDuggal APetersen THansen LRedman KStout JHansen MBeacham MPMendez GLetona LPodlekareva DJazrawi JLarsen LJustino CKubernac RGamarallage RVita TMZink VFishchuk RShah SHALatchman MBowdish MEFrosch AHolden IKGoes JFox LMwebaze RBurris SVjecha MJHurutado-Rodriguez MTemblador CMontgomery QKubernac AFox ALevine AMuddana PLubega GNaluyinda HGrund BSmolskis MCFatkenheuer GFrare PSFontaine LDishner ECook AGarcia-Myers KLake ELyakovestsky AKnudtzen FCRomain SKugener ECook KPeguero MLBednarska AAbutidze AKappenman CCook STerndrup TEVilla SBriceno GKavya PRapti VGibbs KWShaw-Saliba KSmigeil BYehdego YHomen JRDuChene ABenitez GRodina VKim MHSarafolean ACash JKardos CKnight AMcDonough KWang BRJibrell HJohnsen SGoldsmith RSanchez AMcKeehan JWynter TDrekonja DTatem LBryant CBarmparessou ZSpinelli-Nadzam MBedoya GBadillo JPulik PBastman JRice TWLazarte SMacDonald LArfara-Melanini MArikiriza PPaudel SAggarwal NRLeither LNielsen CBWatson HCaldwell EJain MKSingh IHanna SKanne KLWatson CRichardson LDMadhoun IMoriarty TKrol OFOchalek TFabricius TDavidson SKalomenidis IYealy DMMagala FGoodwin AJBissel BJauregui AEWeintrob AHoover MLLooney DJCarey CSpainhour CCrew PYee KJKumarasamy NBeeler JAagaard BDavidson JLye DCBeutler RNielsen ADRead SFleischmann ERivers ENorth CMcCormack AGillinov MAKavatha DBuehn MCarratala JLoste CGomez-Junyent JBaracco GMahon KOffor OAkilo HBarrientos IDellaValle NObbo SHarrigan RHTraverse JHHarboe ZBAlexander ERaben DEmmanuel OBarrett KParr DSmith CViens KOkoth IPett SLKnox DPadure SAbela CSmith KVock DIvey NMargolin JWortmann GMariyappan KBakowska EMacias LMHensely LTanner NTSouliou THou PKBokhart GPatel BAsghar AFlorence ASandrus JFunk SSolis ECanario DCaudill AFullmer JIsraelsen SBStryjewski MEFrank CHuber LAguti ETaddei-Peters WCDiong SHJato YRemmy KFrank KFenton KHartnell GPedersen TIDixon MHavmoller SRCuervo 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MLGruttner-Durmaz MBalde AMaton MJensen HYeon LFrye LNdolo RNatarajan VChandra RKurtzman NCo INLuduena JCampbell ESKirenga BArgyraki KGong MNBakakos PBarrett TWSihota HRashid MMora-Rillo MNakahima WCallahan SJSundararaman NKillian AKnowlton KUMoore JMock RMock PHumerickhouse EKwaghe VMakhoba AHighbarger HMugerwa OSoborg CGelijns ACChia PYTeitelbaum MSolomon CAkbari KGioukari VMugerwa HFletcher DDKoromilias ALim GWHamel ADoshi SPatterson CPerlhamre EParthasarathy SZhuo HSegawa IPanagopoulos PColeman TGunthard HZarza SMHughes ENandi UPopielski LBagiella EMcCarthy PBjork LUche BRehman SOvercash JSMyrodia MDHendershot JNossaman BSaharia KZepeda-Gutierrez AWeissberg GACTIV-3/TICO Study GroupHassler MGarcia JRKalan SPDouin DJZepeda KAbad EOgnenovska KSandkovsky UKrohn-Dehli LDhar SHurlbut NLevandovska KLumsden RHGlaze CGonzales CGSueiro MPeacock RKim GMateu LSchechner ALee MBoyle KLEngel TKim KWangi DLee KMourad AKinjal MLaBar DKelleher ASturgill JLKim MMcLendon-Arvik BGoodall KLee CTang 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LAPedersen KBfalseViral and Host Factors Are Associated With Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19.<h4>Background</h4>Persistent mortality in adults hospitalized due to acute COVID-19 justifies pursuit of disease mechanisms and potential therapies. The aim was to evaluate which virus and host response factors were associated with mortality risk among participants in Therapeutics for Inpatients with COVID-19 (TICO/ACTIV-3) trials.<h4>Methods</h4>A secondary analysis of 2625 adults hospitalized for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection randomized to 1 of 5 antiviral products or matched placebo in 114 centers on 4 continents. Uniform, site-level collection of participant baseline clinical variables was performed. Research laboratories assayed baseline upper respiratory swabs for SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA and plasma for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen (viral Ag), and interleukin2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Jun2026-06-01T21:56:35.056Z2025-04-04T02:12:00.222ZS-EPMC111757053837621210.1093/cid/ciad780