biostudies-literatureUnknown14(1)Brice AWhether the Main Himalayan Thrust can host a single surface-rupturing event in the Himalaya with a rupture length of > 700 km remains controversial. Previous paleoseismological studies in the Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya (DSH) suggested medieval surface-rupturing earthquakes, correlating them with the eleventh-thirteenth century events from Nepal and Bhutan and extending the coseismic rupture length > 700 km. Conversely, there is no rupture evidence of the 1714 Bhutan and 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquakes in the DSH, resulting in a discrepancy in the rupture extent of the great earthquakes. Consequently, we conducted a paleoseismological investigation across a ~ 10 m-high fault scarp on the Himalayan Frontal Thrust at Chenga village, DSH, revealing a surface-faulting event during 1313-395 BCE. WeScientific reports14537https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11196676biostudies-literaturePaleoseismological evidence for segmentation of the Main Himalayan Thrust in the Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya.PMC11196676Priyanka RSMishra RLSingh IJayangondaperumal RBrice ADash SPPandey AKumar PSati MfalsePaleoseismological evidence for segmentation of the Main Himalayan Thrust in the Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya.Whether the Main Himalayan Thrust can host a single surface-rupturing event in the Himalaya with a rupture length of > 700 km remains controversial. Previous paleoseismological studies in the Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya (DSH) suggested medieval surface-rupturing earthquakes, correlating them with the eleventh-thirteenth century events from Nepal and Bhutan and extending the coseismic rupture length > 700 km. Conversely, there is no rupture evidence of the 1714 Bhutan and 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquakes in the DSH, resulting in a discrepancy in the rupture extent of the great earthquakes. Consequently, we conducted a paleoseismological investigation across a ~ 10 m-high fault scarp on the Himalayan Frontal Thrust at Chenga village, DSH, revealing a surface-faulting event during 1313-395 BCE. We2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Jun2025-04-04T12:48:01.794Z2025-04-04T12:48:01.794ZS-EPMC111966763891459210.1038/s41598-024-63539-1