biostudies-literatureGelineau AAgence Nationale de la RechercheFondation de FranceAgence Nationale de la Recherche (French National Research Agency)5413https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11208547biostudies-literatureUnknown15(1)Diet composition impacts metabolic health and is now recognized to shape the immune system, especially in the intestinal tract. Nutritional imbalance and increased caloric intake are induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in which lipids are enriched at the expense of dietary fibers. Such nutritional challenge alters glucose homeostasis as well as intestinal immunity. Here, we observed that short-term HFD induced dysbiosis, glucose intolerance and decreased intestinal RORγt⁺ CD4 T cells, including peripherally-induced Tregs and IL17-producing (Th17) T cells. However, supplementation of HFD-fed male mice with the fermentable dietary fiber fructooligosaccharides (FOS) was sufficient to maintain RORγt⁺ CD4 T cell subsets and microbial species known to induce them, alongside haviNature communicationsFructooligosaccharides benefits on glucose homeostasis upon high-fat diet feeding require type 2 conventional dendritic cells.PMC11208547ANR-17-CE14-0023ANR-21-CE14-0023ANR-17-CE14-000900056835Baba IHuby TClement KRouault CMarcelin GOuhachi MYvan-Charvet LTussiwand RGautier ELManuel RGelineau ADussaud SVoland LfalseFructooligosaccharides benefits on glucose homeostasis upon high-fat diet feeding require type 2 conventional dendritic cells.Diet composition impacts metabolic health and is now recognized to shape the immune system, especially in the intestinal tract. Nutritional imbalance and increased caloric intake are induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in which lipids are enriched at the expense of dietary fibers. Such nutritional challenge alters glucose homeostasis as well as intestinal immunity. Here, we observed that short-term HFD induced dysbiosis, glucose intolerance and decreased intestinal RORγt⁺ CD4 T cells, including peripherally-induced Tregs and IL17-producing (Th17) T cells. However, supplementation of HFD-fed male mice with the fermentable dietary fiber fructooligosaccharides (FOS) was sufficient to maintain RORγt⁺ CD4 T cell subsets and microbial species known to induce them, alongside havi2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Jun2025-04-21T20:22:04.927Z2025-04-05T17:58:29.326ZS-EPMC112085473892642410.1038/s41467-024-49820-x