biostudies-literatureLazaro CMFAPESPzqae024https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11237897biostudies-literatureUnknown5(4)Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) increases the atherosclerosis risk by lowering HDL-cholesterol levels. It also exhibits tissue-specific effects independent of HDL. However, sexual dimorphism of CETP effects remains largely unexplored. Here, we hypothesized that CETP impacts the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) phenotype and function in a sex-specific manner. PVAT function, gene and protein expression, and morphology were examined in male and female transgenic mice expressing human or simian CETP and their non-transgenic counterparts (NTg). PVAT exerted its anticontractile effect in aortas from NTg males, NTg females, and CETP females, but not in CETP males. CETP male PVAT had reduced NO levels, decreased eNOS and phospho-eNOS levels, oxidative stress, increased NOX1 and 2, and Function (Oxford, England)Sex-Specific Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) on the Perivascular Adipose Tissue.PMC11237897#2018/26080-4#2020/09799-5#2017/17728-8#2013/07607-8Victorio JAOliveira HCFNunes VSDavel APLazaro CMFreitas INGuizoni DMfalseSex-Specific Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) on the Perivascular Adipose Tissue.Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) increases the atherosclerosis risk by lowering HDL-cholesterol levels. It also exhibits tissue-specific effects independent of HDL. However, sexual dimorphism of CETP effects remains largely unexplored. Here, we hypothesized that CETP impacts the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) phenotype and function in a sex-specific manner. PVAT function, gene and protein expression, and morphology were examined in male and female transgenic mice expressing human or simian CETP and their non-transgenic counterparts (NTg). PVAT exerted its anticontractile effect in aortas from NTg males, NTg females, and CETP females, but not in CETP males. CETP male PVAT had reduced NO levels, decreased eNOS and phospho-eNOS levels, oxidative stress, increased NOX1 and 2, and 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Jul2025-04-05T15:48:56.271Z2025-04-05T15:48:56.271ZS-EPMC112378973898497710.1093/function/zqae024