biostudies-literatureCass SHNCI NIH HHS796-805https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11289780biostudies-literatureUnknown34(9)<h4>Background</h4>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the management of advanced melanoma (AM). However, data on ICI effectiveness have largely been restricted to clinical trials, thereby excluding patients with co-existing malignancies. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent adult leukemia and is associated with increased risk of melanoma. CLL alters systemic immunity and can induce T-cell exhaustion, which may limit the efficacy of ICIs in patients with CLL. We, therefore, sought to examine the efficacy of ICI in patients with these co-occurring diagnoses.<h4>Patients and methods</h4>In this international multicenter study, a retrospective review of clinical databases identified patients with concomitant diagnoses of CLL and AM treated with ICI (US-Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical OncologyEfficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of advanced melanoma in patients with concomitant chronic lymphocytic leukemia.PMC11289780P50 CA221703R25 CA203650R01 CA219896Millward MMcQuade JLSandhu SLazar AJCass SHTobin JWDGener-Ricos GWargo JAKeung EZDing WParikh SAMarkovic SNBurgess MKeane CSmith JLMapp SMenzies AMDearden HMason RBurton EMGuerra VHaydon AMollee PKhoo CSeo YDFerrajoli ACarlino MSHampel PJLong GVDavies MAWarburton LAtkinson VCall TGfalseEfficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of advanced melanoma in patients with concomitant chronic lymphocytic leukemia.<h4>Background</h4>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the management of advanced melanoma (AM). However, data on ICI effectiveness have largely been restricted to clinical trials, thereby excluding patients with co-existing malignancies. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent adult leukemia and is associated with increased risk of melanoma. CLL alters systemic immunity and can induce T-cell exhaustion, which may limit the efficacy of ICIs in patients with CLL. We, therefore, sought to examine the efficacy of ICI in patients with these co-occurring diagnoses.<h4>Patients and methods</h4>In this international multicenter study, a retrospective review of clinical databases identified patients with concomitant diagnoses of CLL and AM treated with ICI (US-2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2023 Sep2025-04-18T21:42:53.862Z2025-02-19T02:34:51.608ZS-EPMC112897803741421610.1016/j.annonc.2023.06.007