biostudies-literatureUnknownAngyal AHUN-REN Institute for Nuclear ResearchMagyar Tudományos AkadémiaEuropean Regional Development FundThis study, conducted in Debrecen, Hungary, aimed to analyse atmospheric particulate matter (APM or PM) through radiocarbon and PIXE analyses during the winter smog (23-25 January) and spring (15-18 May) seasons. The information presented in this pilot study aims to provide insight into the importance of utilising detailed characteristics of the mass size distributions of fossil carbon (f_f) and contemporary carbon (f_C) content. Additionally, it seeks to compare these characteristics with the size distributions of various elements to enable even more accurate PM source identification. In winter, APM concentrations were 86.27 μg/m³ (total), 17.07 μg/m³ (f_C) and 10.4 μg/m³ (f_f). In spring, these values changed to 29.Environmental science and pollution research internationalhttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11297123biostudies-literatureCharacterisation of urban aerosol size distribution by radiocarbon and PIXE analyses in a middle-European urban environment for source identification: a pilot study.PMC11297123BO/00710/23/10GINOP-2.3.4-15-2020-00007Varga TTorok ZEniko FSzikszai ZMolnar MAngyal APapp EGini MKertesz ZSzoboszlai ZMajor IManousakas MIfalseCharacterisation of urban aerosol size distribution by radiocarbon and PIXE analyses in a middle-European urban environment for source identification: a pilot study.This study, conducted in Debrecen, Hungary, aimed to analyse atmospheric particulate matter (APM or PM) through radiocarbon and PIXE analyses during the winter smog (23-25 January) and spring (15-18 May) seasons. The information presented in this pilot study aims to provide insight into the importance of utilising detailed characteristics of the mass size distributions of fossil carbon (f_f) and contemporary carbon (f_C) content. Additionally, it seeks to compare these characteristics with the size distributions of various elements to enable even more accurate PM source identification. In winter, APM concentrations were 86.27 μg/m³ (total), 17.07 μg/m³ (f_C) and 10.4 μg/m³ (f_f). In spring, these values changed to 29.2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Jul2025-04-19T20:46:16.771Z2025-04-19T20:46:16.771ZS-EPMC112971233898752010.1007/s11356-024-34215-8