biostudies-literaturede Vos JMUniversity of BaselSwiss National Science FoundationCalleva Foundation29https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11297820biostudies-literatureUnknown310(4)Connaraceae is a pantropical family of about 200 species containing lianas and small trees with remarkably diverse floral polymorphisms, including distyly, tristyly, homostyly, and dioecy. To date, relationships within the family have not been investigated using a targeted molecular phylogenetic treatment, severely limiting systematic understanding and reconstruction of trait evolution. Accordingly, their last infrafamilial classification was based only on morphological data. Here, we used phylogenomic data obtained using the Angiosperms353 nuclear target sequence capture probes, sampling all tribes and almost all genera, entirely from herbarium specimens, to revise infrafamilial classification and investigate the evolution of heterostyly. The backbone of the resulting molecular phylogenetPlant Syst Evol.Phylogenomics of the pantropical Connaraceae: revised infrafamilial classification and the evolution of heterostyly.PMC11297820310030_185251310030185251Epitawalage NMaurin OForest Fde Vos JMStreiff SJRBachelier JBBaker WJfalsePhylogenomics of the pantropical Connaraceae: revised infrafamilial classification and the evolution of heterostyly.Connaraceae is a pantropical family of about 200 species containing lianas and small trees with remarkably diverse floral polymorphisms, including distyly, tristyly, homostyly, and dioecy. To date, relationships within the family have not been investigated using a targeted molecular phylogenetic treatment, severely limiting systematic understanding and reconstruction of trait evolution. Accordingly, their last infrafamilial classification was based only on morphological data. Here, we used phylogenomic data obtained using the Angiosperms353 nuclear target sequence capture probes, sampling all tribes and almost all genera, entirely from herbarium specimens, to revise infrafamilial classification and investigate the evolution of heterostyly. The backbone of the resulting molecular phylogenet2024-01-01T00:00:00Z20242026-06-01T22:17:49.685Z2024-11-09T15:35:42.484ZS-EPMC112978203910513710.1007/s00606-024-01909-y