biostudies-literatureAdiga VDBT-National Institutes of Health (NIH)DBT-Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance CouncilNIAID NIH HHSNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the US National Institutes of HealthDepartment of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (DBT)Felicity Wilde Charitable TrustDepartment of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IndiaDBT-National Institutes of Health263-278https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC11310697biostudies-literatureUnknown217(3)Neonate responses to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) differ from adults; such understanding is poor in Indian neonates, despite recognized significant infectious risk. Immune profiling analysis was undertaken of 10 secreted mediators contextualized with cellular source induced by six PAMPs in umbilical cord (CB; n = 21) and adult-blood (PBMC; n = 14) from a tertiary care hospital in South India. Differential cytokine expression analysis (minimum log2-fold difference; adj P-value < 0.05) identified bacterial PAMPs induced higher concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α in adults versus IL-8, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and IL-2 in CB. CB responded to poly I:C and SARS-CoV-2 lysate with a dominant IL-8 response, whereas in PBMC, CXCL-10 dominated poly I:C, but not SARS-CoV-2, responses, highlClinical and experimental immunologyImmune profiling reveals umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells from South India display an IL-8 dominant, CXCL-10 deficient polyfunctional monocyte response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns that is distinct from adult blood cells.PMC11310697UM1 AI 068618BT/COVID0073/02/20BT/PR30219/MED/15/189/2018UM1 AI068618Tripathi HRao SChetan Kumar NAdiga VShivalingaiah SVyakarnam AHawrylowicz CD'Souza GBindhu HDwarkanath PAhmed ADias MK N SfalseImmune profiling reveals umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells from South India display an IL-8 dominant, CXCL-10 deficient polyfunctional monocyte response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns that is distinct from adult blood cells.Neonate responses to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) differ from adults; such understanding is poor in Indian neonates, despite recognized significant infectious risk. Immune profiling analysis was undertaken of 10 secreted mediators contextualized with cellular source induced by six PAMPs in umbilical cord (CB; n = 21) and adult-blood (PBMC; n = 14) from a tertiary care hospital in South India. Differential cytokine expression analysis (minimum log2-fold difference; adj P-value < 0.05) identified bacterial PAMPs induced higher concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α in adults versus IL-8, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and IL-2 in CB. CB responded to poly I:C and SARS-CoV-2 lysate with a dominant IL-8 response, whereas in PBMC, CXCL-10 dominated poly I:C, but not SARS-CoV-2, responses, highl2024-01-01T00:00:00Z2024 Aug2025-04-06T19:29:41.16Z2025-04-06T19:29:41.16ZS-EPMC113106973869507910.1093/cei/uxae034